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Top 10 active players as of March 31, 1981


Top 500 active players as of March 31, 1981

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Karpov, Anatoly E27904850.3% #329.86
2 Korchnoi, Viktor L27565021.1% #650.02
3 Kasparov, Garry K27335210.6% #1017.96
4 Polugaevsky, Lev A2694502.3% #2246.36
5 Portisch, Lajos2689491.7% #2443.98
6 Timman, Jan H2689471.4% #2429.30
7 Beliavsky, Alexander G2688501.8% #2527.29
8 Tal, Mikhail2675491.0% #3144.39
9 Hübner, Robert2674501.0% #3132.40
10 Spassky, Boris V2671500.9% #3344.17
11 Romanishin, Oleg M2669490.7% #3429.22
12 Jussupow, Artur M2661520.6% #4021.13
13 Petrosian, Tigran V2659510.5% #4051.79
14 Psakhis, Lev B2655550.7% #4522.34
15 Andersson, Ulf2655470.3% #4129.76
16 Balashov, Yury S2655490.4% #4232.05
17 Sosonko, Gennadi2651490.2% #4537.87
18 Larsen, Bent2647480.2% #4646.07
19 Ribli, Zoltán2642500.2% #5129.57
20 Dolmatov, Sergey V2641520.2% #5322.11
21 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir2640480.1% #5130.41
22 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V2639490.1% #5336.52
23 Gulko, Boris F2638580.4% #5834.14
24 Hort, Vlastimil2638480.1% #5337.22
25 Vasiukov, Evgeny A2637550.3% #5748.07
26 Smyslov, Vassily V2630530.1% #6160.02
27 Miles, Anthony J262748 #6125.93
28 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E2626500.1% #6331.14
29 Kupreichik, Viktor D2625540.1% #6631.74
30 Vaganian, Rafael A2625490.1% #6429.46
31 Kuzmin, Gennady P2624510.1% #6535.20
32 Gheorghiu, Florin2621500.1% #6736.98
33 Lerner, Konstantin Z2619560.1% #7231.09
34 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B2616560.1% #7526.37
35 Geller, Efim P261551 #7256.08
36 Gufeld, Eduard E2615530.1% #7345.03
37 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y2613570.1% #7836.90
38 Kholmov, Ratmir D2613620.2% #8055.88
39 Ivanov, Igor V2613670.3% #8334.23
40 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N261152 #7734.95
41 Dorfman, Iosif D260754 #8028.91
42 Kavalek, Lubomir260750 #7837.64
43 Panchenko, Alexander N260654 #8127.49
44 Gipslis, Aivars2605580.1% #8644.15
45 Sax, Gyula260450 #8229.79
46 Savon, Vladimir A2603570.1% #8640.51
47 Eingorn, Viacheslav S259860 #9324.35
48 Parma, Bruno259556 #9239.25
49 Christiansen, Larry M259451 #9124.76
50 Dvoretsky, Mark I2592740.3% #10733.31
51 Bronstein, David I259157 #9757.12
52 Kochiev, Alexander259159 #9925.02
53 Makarichev, Sergey Y259154 #9527.37
54 Petrosian, Arshak B2587600.1% #10227.29
55 Chernin, Alexander M2587690.2% #10921.07
56 Alburt, Lev O258553 #10035.61
57 Taimanov, Mark E258557 #10355.15
58 Georgadze, Tamaz V258353 #10233.39
59 Ivkov, Borislav258250 #10147.38
60 Unzicker, Wolfgang257955 #10655.76
61 Liberzon, Vladimir M257852 #10644.02
62 Bagirov, Vladimir K257855 #10944.62
63 Palatnik, Semen A2577710.1% #11931.01
64 Kurajica, Bojan257653 #10833.38
65 Gligoric, Svetozar257551 #10758.16
66 Adorján, András257452 #10930.99
67 Razuvaev, Yury S257452 #11035.47
68 Browne, Walter S257449 #10832.22
69 Kharitonov, Andrey Y257359 #11521.98
70 Tarjan, James E257257 #11529.11
71 Smejkal, Jan257150 #11235.02
72 Veingold, Aleksander256961 #12027.47
73 Tukmakov, Vladimir B256252 #12235.04
74 Szabó, László2561710.1% #13464.03
75 Nunn, John D M256151 #12225.93
76 Kapengut, Albert Z256066 #13236.74
77 Darga, Klaus V255968 #13447.10
78 Lein, Anatoly255852 #12450.01
79 Seirawan, Yasser255852 #12521.02
80 Tseitlin, Mikhail S255856 #12833.79
81 Gruenfeld, Yehuda255858 #12925.09
82 Ftácnik, Lubomír255651 #12623.42
83 Najdorf, Miguel255555 #12970.95
84 Olafsson, Fridrik255356 #13246.18
85 Tringov, Georgy P255258 #13344.07
86 Antoshin, Vladimir S255267 #14051.88
87 Didishko, Vereslav255273 #14431.97
88 Evans, Larry M254959 #13749.02
89 Uhlmann, Wolfgang254951 #13246.01
90 Panno, Oscar R254853 #13446.04
91 Torre, Eugenio254849 #13229.41
92 Byrne, Robert E254753 #13652.94
93 Timoshchenko, Gennady254760 #14031.92
94 Lombardy, William J254660 #14143.32
95 Matanovic, Aleksandar254559 #14250.86
96 Kovacevic, Vladimir254462 #14439.01
97 Vitolinš, Alvis254359 #14334.79
98 Quinteros, Miguel A254350 #13733.26
99 Filip, Miroslav254267 #14952.43
100 Shamkovich, Leonid A254253 #14057.83
101 Ubilava, Elizbar E254270 30.59
102 Speelman, Jonathan S254251 24.50
103 Knaak, Rainer F254249 28.04
104 Faragó, Iván254150 34.99
105 Csom, István254051 40.83
106 Magerramov, Elmar S254058 22.97
107 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I254071 47.38
108 Bukic, Enver253957 43.33
109 Stean, Michael F253651 27.57
110 Nei, Iivo253460 49.42
111 Nikolac, Juraj253259 48.94
112 Pfleger, Helmut253060 37.65
113 Ree, Hans253050 36.54
114 Grigorian, Karen A252956 33.57
115 Rogoff, Kenneth S252561 28.02
116 Kaplan, Julio P252464 30.68
117 Yurtaev, Leonid252170 21.91
118 Gavrikov, Victor N252164 23.67
119 Ivanov, Alexander V252058 24.91
120 Chekhov, Valery A252058 25.34
121 Matulovic, Milan252060 45.81
122 Reshevsky, Samuel H252061 69.35
123 Simic, Radoslav251958 32.81
124 Peresipkin, Vladimir251974
125 Klovans, Janis251862 45.97
126 Murey, Yakov251469 39.66
127 Cebalo, Mišo251460 36.15
128 Velimirovic, Dragoljub251453 38.88
129 van der Wiel, John T H251450 21.64
130 Nemet, Ivan251459 37.96
131 Zaltsman, Vitaly F251357 39.43
132 Shereshevsky, Mikhail I251273 30.94
133 Anikaev, Yury251265 32.76
134 Stoica, Valentin251164 31.13
135 Popovic, Petar251155 22.13
136 Moiseev, Oleg L251171 55.90
137 Suba, Mihai251054 33.83
138 Vogt, Lothar H251049 29.20
139 Zaitsev, Igor A250956 42.84
140 Lputian, Smbat G250954 23.13
141 Suetin, Alexey S250855 54.37
142 Marjanovic, Slavoljub250853 26.23
143 Díez del Corral, Jesús250762 47.98
144 Weinstein, Norman250770 30.49
145 Lukin, Andrei M250772 32.59
146 Vukic, Milan250756 37.62
147 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A250659 42.32
148 Malich, Burkhard G250660 44.34
149 Keene, Raymond250652
150 Pachmann, Ludek250660 56.89
151 Espig, Lutz250652 32.24
152 Knezevic, Milorad250452 44.42
153 Benko, Pal C250459 52.71
154 Agzamov, Georgy T250360 26.57
155 Pintér, József250354 27.39
156 Karner, Hillar250262 45.68
157 Donner, Johannes H250257 53.73
158 Bleiman, Yaacov250172 33.56
159 Biyiasas, Peter250055 30.37
160 Barczay, Laszlo249851 45.11
161 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz249850 37.97
162 Georgiev, Krum249860 22.85
163 Tatai, Stefano249756 43.02
164 Grefe, John A249665 33.57
165 Peters, John A249354 30.14
166 Bilek, István249267 48.64
167 Lukacs, Peter249251 30.73
168 Padevsky, Nikola B249264 47.84
169 Popov, Luben249055 45.18
170 Plachetka, Jan249050 36.12
171 Radulov, Ivan249054 42.23
172 Kraidman, Yair248971 48.41
173 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur248955 33.52
174 Vaisser, Anatoli248971 32.07
175 Hulak, Krunoslav248959 29.85
176 Jansson, Borje248976 39.05
177 Řgaard, Leif248863 29.24
178 Marangunic, Srdjan248769 37.42
179 Zuckerman, Bernard248573 37.99
180 Inkiov, Ventzislav248455 24.87
181 Lutikov, Anatoly S248466 48.15
182 Rukavina, Josip248464 38.34
183 Lechtynsky, Jiri248355 33.35
184 Ciocaltea, Victor248354 49.21
185 Mednis, Edmar J248257 44.02
186 Gutman, Lev248268 35.51
187 Robatsch, Karl248260 52.46
188 Ermenkov, Evgenij248053 31.51
189 Ivanovic, Božidar248054 34.60
190 Spassov, Liuben247950 38.02
191 Sturua, Zurab247868 21.81
192 Rogulj, Branko247758 29.66
193 Petkevich, Jusefs247671 40.28
194 Petrushin, Alexander I247660 34.06
195 Kaufman, Larry C247671 33.38
196 Ornstein, Axel247656 28.93
197 Platonov, Igor V247562 47.20
198 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y247575 24.20
199 Forintos, Gyözö V247361 45.67
200 Ligterink, Gert247351 31.37
201 Meduna, Eduard247353 30.55
202 Bönsch, Uwe247352 22.46
203 Birnboim, Nathan247266 30.34
204 Minic, Dragoljub247272 44.07
205 Sunye Neto, Jaime247152 23.91
206 Langeweg, Kick247051 44.07
207 Djuric, Stefan247056 25.68
208 Chandler, Murray G247051 20.98
209 Gaprindashvili, Nona247066 39.91
210 Marovic, Dražen246963 43.21
211 Schneider, Lars Ake246955
212 Cámpora, Daniel H246965 23.75
213 Soltis, Andrew E246866 33.84
214 Regan, Kenneth246865 21.55
215 Nikolic, Zivoslav246870 27.30
216 Ambroz, Jan246757 26.79
217 Wedberg, Tom246756 27.35
218 Mestel, A Jonathan246752 24.05
219 Zapata, Alonso246660 22.61
220 Vokác, Marek246559 22.32
221 Makropoulos, Georgios246558 27.51
222 Commons, Kim S246476 29.69
223 Vranesic, Zvonko246474 42.49
224 Diesen, Mark C246462
225 Piasetski, Leon David246470
226 Kuligowski, Adam246352 25.27
227 Hecht, Hans-Joachim246363 42.17
228 Sahovic, Dragutin246258 40.65
229 Jansa, Vlastimil246251 38.34
230 Rajkovic, Dusan246258 38.79
231 Hartston, William R246157 33.63
232 Bisguier, Arthur B246060 51.48
233 Qi Jingxuan246066 33.39
234 Kirov Ivanov, Nino246050 35.56
235 Van Wijgerden, Cornelis246058 30.86
236 Mariotti, Sergio245957 34.64
237 Portisch, Ferenc245955 41.97
238 Wittmann, Walter245961 33.05
239 Jelen, Iztok245868 34.20
240 Hazai, Laszlo245855 27.80
241 Rodriguez, Amador245759 24.56
242 Bradford, Joseph M245762 30.41
243 Damjanovic, Mato245663 54.02
244 Ghitescu, Theodor245458 47.19
245 Szmetan, Jorge245459 30.85
246 Lengyel, Levente245456 47.80
247 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel245254 31.68
248 Ekstroem, Roland245273 24.86
249 Schweber, Samuel245260 44.71
250 Duer, Arne245259 21.72
251 Musil, Vojko245275 35.62
252 Myagmarsuren, Lhamsuren245175 43.12
253 Garcia, Raimundo245175 44.84
254 Garcia, Gildardo245162 27.06
255 Taruffi, Daniele245065 22.57
256 Hernandez, Roman245059 31.36
257 Ungureanu, Emil245070 44.41
258 Borik, Otto245057 33.52
259 Hamann, Svend244968 40.48
260 Karlsson, Lars244952 25.72
261 Podzielny, Karl Heinz244962 26.56
262 Szekely, Peter244962 26.15
263 Castro Rojas, Oscar Humberto244961 27.90
264 Planinc, Albin244862 36.95
265 Hausner, Ivan244858 28.95
266 Velikov, Petar244857 30.00
267 Klaric, Zlatko244760 24.44
268 Mochalov, Evgeny V244668 29.42
269 Zaichik, Gennady L244567 24.14
270 García Gonzáles, Guillermo244553 27.31
271 Plaskett, Jim244563 21.04
272 Luczak, Andrzej244451 32.32
273 Taulbut, Shaun M244258 23.22
274 Chiburdanidze, Maia G244256 20.20
275 Strauss, David J244266 34.65
276 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A244173 21.04
277 Vooremaa, Andres244162 36.70
278 Hug, Werner244058 28.56
279 Vadasz, Laszlo243952 33.18
280 Westerinen, Heikki MJ243852 36.92
281 Sisniega, Marcel243865 21.68
282 Schussler, Harry243753 23.77
283 Lengyel, Laszlo243775 36.72
284 Cramling, Dan243760 22.15
285 Feustel, Bernd243660 26.53
286 Zichichi, Alvise243661 42.74
287 Hoelzl, Franz243656 34.98
288 Joksic, Sinisa243570 40.47
289 Honfi, Karoly243572 50.43
290 Bjelajac, Milan243467 33.05
291 Groszpeter, Attila243456 20.81
292 Ostermeyer, Peter243369 37.47
293 Burger, Karl243366 48.19
294 Bohm, Hans243351 31.21
295 Trapl, Jindrich243363 39.02
296 Spiridonov, Nikola243355 43.09
297 Arnason, Jon L243253 20.38
298 Pribyl, Josef243252 33.47
299 Lederman, Leon243269 33.85
300 Pétursson, Margeir243254 21.13
301 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes243260 37.74
302 Debarnot, Roberto243265 33.65
303 Jakobsen, Ole243156 38.45
304 Pomar Salamanca, Arturo243067 49.58
305 Lobron, Eric243056 20.90
306 Raicevic, Vladimir243056 31.91
307 Matera, Salvatore Joseph242964
308 Kestler, Hans-Günter242971 41.30
309 Hennings, Artur242962 40.72
310 Rodriguez, Ruben242868 34.32
311 Sideif Sade, Fikret I242760 29.25
312 Ostojic, Predrag242667 43.11
313 Adamski, Jan242652 37.39
314 Pytel, Krzysztof242658 35.88
315 Lakic, Nikola242667 33.71
316 Rath, Ulrik242669 34.27
317 Liebert, Heinz242574 44.85
318 Toth, Bela242559 37.94
319 Haik, Aldo242360 28.45
320 Sydor, Andrzej242368 44.24
321 Rohde, Michael A242373 21.60
322 Jamieson, Robert Murray242267
323 Rantanen, Yrjo A242258 30.93
324 deFirmian, Nicholas E242262 23.68
325 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich242255 25.23
326 Minev, Nikolay N242171 50.23
327 Garcia Martinez, Silvino242157 36.74
328 Bielczyk, Jacek242155 28.11
329 Svensson, Bengt242074 20.73
330 Ioseliani, Nana242063 19.13
331 Franco Ocampos, Zenon242062 24.88
332 Prandstetter, Eduard242052 32.29
333 Botterill, George Steven242063
334 Hebert, Jean241858 23.39
335 Wockenfuss, Klaus241870 29.59
336 Kojder, Konrad241761 25.21
337 Trifunov, Dimitar241768 17.23
338 Despotovic, Momcilo241668 33.08
339 Kuijpers, Franciscus Antonius241672
340 Martinovic, Slobodan241657 35.68
341 Wirthensohn, Heinz241666 29.91
342 Ciric, Dragoljub M241667 45.38
343 Krnic, Zdenko241566 33.50
344 Hase, Juan Carlos241565
345 Uusi, Gunnar241563
346 Nikolic, Predrag241563 20.55
347 Sznapik, Aleksander241451 30.14
348 Balinas, Rosendo Carrean241465
349 Kristiansen, Jens241456 28.85
350 Augustin, Josef241257 38.87
351 Webb, Simon241266 31.81
352 Gerusel, Mathias241266 43.15
353 Rubinetti, Jorge A241259 35.99
354 Vilela, Jose Luis241153 28.03
355 Doda, Zbigniew241165 50.11
356 Fedorowicz, John P241157 22.51
357 Bellin, Robert241153 28.75
358 Nun, Jiri241062 23.68
359 Hansson, Dan240969 28.81
360 Law, Andrew P240863 30.73
361 Renman, Nils Gustaf240862
362 Welin, Thomas240864 21.57
363 Rocha, Antonio240872 36.80
364 Harandi, Khosro240767 30.58
365 Brinck Claussen, Bjorn240757
366 Clemens, Christian240766 40.65
367 Pritchett, Craig William240765
368 Van der Sterren, Paul240752 25.04
369 Watson, John L240669 29.57
370 Moehring, Guenther240556 44.35
371 Tompa, Janos240360 33.92
372 Velickovic, Sasa240361 29.99
373 Barle, Janez240361 29.03
374 Bukal, Vladimir Sr240366 41.41
375 Enklaar, Bertus F240262
376 Iskov, Gert240157 32.68
377 Tomaszewski, Roman240058 20.87
378 Pavlov, Mircea240058 43.55
379 Swic, Waldemar239959 28.06
380 Pokojowczyk, Jerzy239853 32.11
381 Emma, Jaime J239763 43.20
382 Szymczak, Zbigniew239658 29.24
383 Van Riemsdijk, Herman C239658 32.60
384 Vera, Reynaldo239673 20.23
385 Cvetkovic, Srdjan239659 35.09
386 Filipowicz, Andrzej239563 42.88
387 Franklin, Michael J239566 50.16
388 Kunsztowicz, Uwe239560 37.20
389 Goodman, David SC239568
390 Spraggett, Kevin B239470 26.39
391 Bouaziz, Slim239463 30.95
392 De Savornin Lohman, A.239469
393 Przewoznik, Jan239357 23.54
394 Vetemaa, Juri239375 24.60
395 Vinje Gulbrandsen, Arne239375
396 Bednarski, Jacek B239360 42.05
397 Littlewood, Paul E239357 25.20
398 De Bruycker, Bernard239276 39.79
399 Deze, Anton239266
400 Sloth, Jorn239262 36.57
401 Dueckstein, Andreas239167 53.66
402 Radev, Nikolai239161 42.28
403 Bohosjan, Sarkis239168 40.01
404 Fedder, Steen239163 29.80
405 Lau, Ralf239068 21.45
406 Bronstein, Luis239061 34.83
407 Gruchacz, Robert238965 27.34
408 Janoševic, Dragoljub238965 57.73
409 Danailov, Silvio238867 19.94
410 Banas, Jan238654 33.83
411 Morris, Walter D238661 22.58
412 Henley, Ron W238669 24.32
413 Lombard, Andre238575 30.53
414 Tischbierek, Raj238559 18.52
415 Schoeneberg, Manfred238468 34.73
416 Ravikumar, Vaidyanathan238458 21.26
417 Hoi, Carsten238458 24.21
418 Adamski, Andrzej238464 42.22
419 Petran, Pal238357 34.54
420 Olafsson, Helgi238358 24.63
421 Benjamin, Joel L238267 17.05
422 Garcia Palermo, Carlos238265 27.33
423 Helmers, Knut J238264 24.15
424 Hansen, Curt238161 16.54
425 Peev, Peicho Chonev238175 40.99
426 Mortensen, Erling238056 25.98
427 Kelecevic, Nedeljko238065 34.05
428 Yermolinsky, Alex V238073 22.96
429 Borm, Franciscus WM238062
430 Bator, Zbigniew238071 29.33
431 Cuartas, Carlos238062 40.63
432 Segal, Alexandru Sorin237961 33.49
433 Jacobsen, Bo237974 32.30
434 Flear, Glenn C237967 22.13
435 Rakic, Tomislav237859 46.39
436 Horvath, Tamas237857 29.44
437 Skrobek, Ryszard237857 29.74
438 Sibarevic, Milenko237869 36.05
439 Kagan, Shimon237758 38.98
440 Bergstrom, Christer237771 22.51
441 Cappello, Renato237671
442 Rumens, David E237667 41.52
443 Visier Segovia, Fernando237576 38.16
444 Bellon Lopez, Juan Manuel237555 30.90
445 Lukov, Valentin237359 25.30
446 Odendahl, Steven M237365 21.43
447 Gauglitz, Gernot237362 18.76
448 Danner, Georg237256 34.43
449 Arapovic, Vitomir237265 29.28
450 Mascarinas, Rico237167 28.08
451 Cuasnicu, Oscar237075 38.44
452 Nicevski, Risto237057 35.76
453 Budde, Vladimir237065 28.27
454 Biriescu, Ioan236969 27.43
455 Hartoch, Robert G236959
456 Kaiszauri, Konstanty236860 28.43
457 Neckar, Lubomir236760 30.66
458 Basman, Michael J236767 35.04
459 Jamroz, Zbigniew236571 46.80
460 Watzka, Horst236574 42.55
461 Meyer, E.236575
462 Hess, Ralf236462 37.01
463 Andres Mendez, Miguel236470
464 Dobosz, Henryk236452 28.03
465 Kindermann, Stefan236367 21.26
466 Gonsior, Evzen236364 49.32
467 Rossetto, Héctor D236374 58.56
468 Cording, Harm236164 44.23
469 Short, Nigel D236057 15.83
470 Grigorov, Jordan N235962 27.31
471 Fuller, Maxwell L235956 36.18
472 Fries Nielsen, Jens Ove235854 21.11
473 Hebden, Mark235863 23.13
474 Balcerowski, Witold235875 45.64
475 Bernard, Ryszard235859 36.61
476 Niklasson, Christer235763 28.24
477 Zarubin, O.235776
478 Goehring, Karl Heinz235771
479 Sapi, Laszlo235762 46.03
480 Filguth, Rubens A235761 25.02
481 Wilder, Michael235770 18.54
482 Whiteley, Andrew J235774 33.81
483 Van der Vliet, Fredrik235659
484 Coudari, Camille235674 29.67
485 Rigo, Janos235558 32.43
486 Schinzel, Wladyslaw235553 37.86
487 Szilágyi, György235466 59.74
488 Sikora Lerch, Jan235459
489 Wagman, Stuart235370 61.88
490 Braga, Fernando235366 22.73
491 Donchev, Dimitar I235268 22.69
492 Giffard, Nicolas235271 30.49
493 Drasko, Milan235269 18.32
494 Nogueiras, Jesus235267 21.70
495 Angantysson, Haukur235168 32.33
496 Balshan, Amikam235168
497 Giardelli, Sergio C235058 25.76
498 Trois, Francisco RT235054
499 Paehtz, Thomas Sr235059 24.57
500 Holm, Sejer234965 41.64

These ratings, calculated as of March 31, 1981, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between April 1, 1980 and March 31, 1981, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of March 31, 1980. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of March 31, 1981. This represents the player's estimated strength on April 1, 1981.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on April 1, 1981. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on April 1, 1981 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on April 1, 1981. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on March 31, 1981. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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