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Top 10 active players as of July 31, 1986


Top 500 active players as of July 31, 1986

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28304967.8% #223.30
2 Karpov, Anatoly E27884824.3% #335.19
3 Jussupow, Artur M2701501.2% #2426.47
4 Korchnoi, Viktor L2691480.6% #3055.36
5 Beliavsky, Alexander G2684500.5% #3432.62
6 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir2682490.4% #3535.74
7 Sokolov, Andrey Y2680500.4% #3823.36
8 Khalifman, Alexander2680540.6% #3920.54
9 Tal, Mikhail2680490.4% #3749.73
10 Portisch, Lajos2675480.2% #4049.32
11 Hübner, Robert2672500.3% #4237.73
12 Vaganian, Rafael A2663490.1% #5034.79
13 Psakhis, Lev B2662490.1% #5127.67
14 Timman, Jan H2660470.1% #5134.63
15 Polugaevsky, Lev A2659500.1% #5351.70
16 Lerner, Konstantin Z2659500.1% #5436.42
17 Dokhoian, Yury2656570.3% #6021.76
18 Eingorn, Viacheslav S2656500.1% #5629.68
19 Spassky, Boris V2655480.1% #5549.50
20 Tukmakov, Vladimir B2654510.1% #5940.38
21 Andersson, Ulf2649490.1% #6235.09
22 Agzamov, Georgy T2648510.1% #6431.90
23 Malaniuk, Vladimir P2648510.1% #6429.03
24 Ribli, Zoltán264349 #6734.90
25 Short, Nigel D264048 #7021.16
26 Miles, Anthony J264047 #6931.27
27 Dolmatov, Sergey V263851 #7427.45
28 Nikolic, Predrag263850 #7325.89
29 Nunn, John D M263548 #7531.27
30 Vasiukov, Evgeny A2635630.2% #8653.40
31 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E263451 #7836.47
32 Romanishin, Oleg M263349 #7834.56
33 Chernin, Alexander M263250 #7926.40
34 Seirawan, Yasser262750 #8426.35
35 Lputian, Smbat G262649 #8528.46
36 Gurevich, Mikhail N262652 #8727.44
37 Novikov, Igor A262551 #8824.19
38 Bareev, Evgeny2624550.1% #9019.69
39 Dorfman, Iosif D262255 #9234.25
40 Torre, Eugenio261952 #9434.74
41 Larsen, Bent261951 #9351.41
42 Gavrikov, Victor N261951 #9329.01
43 Bronstein, David I2618740.3% #11162.45
44 Balashov, Yury S261850 #9437.38
45 Gulko, Boris F261650 #9639.48
46 Chandler, Murray G261549 #9526.32
47 Razuvaev, Yury S261550 #9640.81
48 Rozentalis, Eduardas261454 #10123.18
49 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y261456 #10242.24
50 Dvoiris, Semen I261254 #10227.74
51 Pintér, József261252 #10132.73
52 Sax, Gyula261049 #10235.12
53 Smagin, Sergey260950 #10327.90
54 Ehlvest, Jaan260754 #10823.80
55 Vyzmanavin, Alexey260655 #11026.58
56 Makarichev, Sergey Y260655 #11132.70
57 Ubilava, Elizbar E260451 #11035.92
58 Smyslov, Vassily V260451 #10965.35
59 Yudasin, Leonid G260352 #11126.97
60 Naumkin, Igor2602730.1% #12820.97
61 Suba, Mihai260250 #11139.16
62 Christiansen, Larry M260152 #11430.09
63 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V259950 #11441.85
64 Geller, Efim P259951 #11661.41
65 Zaichik, Gennady L259853 #11729.47
66 Sosonko, Gennadi259851 #11543.20
67 Kavalek, Lubomir259753 #11842.97
68 Agdestein, Simen259753 #11819.21
69 Salov, Valery B259655 #12022.18
70 Kharitonov, Andrey Y259656 #12127.32
71 van der Wiel, John T H259449 #11926.97
72 Timoshchenko, Gennady259359 #12837.26
73 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B259251 #12231.70
74 Smejkal, Jan259049 #12240.36
75 Adorján, András259050 #12436.33
76 Hort, Vlastimil258849 #12642.55
77 Yurtaev, Leonid258756 #13127.25
78 Kuzmin, Gennady P258654 #13040.53
79 Panchenko, Alexander N258453 #13232.82
80 Parma, Bruno2584720.1% #14544.59
81 Gipslis, Aivars258362 #14049.48
82 Darga, Klaus V2582730.1% #14852.44
83 Arkhipov, Sergey258256 #13632.11
84 Smirin, Ilia258166 #14418.53
85 Tarjan, James E258162 #14234.44
86 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A258052 #13626.37
87 Neverov, Valery258059 #14122.11
88 Georgiev, Kiril258051 #13620.67
89 Chekhov, Valery A257850 #13730.68
90 Popovic, Petar257751 #13727.46
91 Yermolinsky, Alex V257657 #14228.30
92 Olafsson, Helgi257652 #13929.95
93 Panno, Oscar R257663 #14651.37
94 Eolian, Levon S257669 #15026.87
95 Gheorghiu, Florin257551 #14042.32
96 Ftácnik, Lubomír257549 #13828.75
97 Kochiev, Alexander257555 #14330.35
98 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N257551 #14040.29
99 Bagirov, Vladimir K257555 #14349.95
100 Podgaets, Mikhail Y257457 #14439.02
101 Ivanov, Igor V257458 39.56
102 Marjanovic, Slavoljub257350 31.57
103 Petrosian, Arshak B257353 32.62
104 Kengis, Edvins257254 27.30
105 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y257161 29.53
106 Speelman, Jonathan S257049 29.83
107 Vaisser, Anatoli256951 37.40
108 Savon, Vladimir A256770 45.85
109 Pigusov, Evgeny256652 25.33
110 Chiburdanidze, Maia G256352 25.54
111 Gorelov, Sergey G256255 28.95
112 Anand, Viswanathan256258 16.64
113 Oll, Lembit256254 20.27
114 Quinteros, Miguel A256151 38.59
115 Hulak, Krunoslav256154 35.18
116 Anikaev, Yury256070 38.09
117 Byrne, Robert E256059 58.28
118 Shneider, Aleksandr255858 24.19
119 Lobron, Eric255849 26.23
120 Nogueiras, Jesus255751 27.04
121 Benjamin, Joel L255652 22.39
122 Cámpora, Daniel H255555 29.09
123 Guseinov, Aidyn255567 34.58
124 Knaak, Rainer F255449 33.37
125 Najdorf, Miguel255470 76.29
126 Hansen, Curt255350 21.87
127 Alburt, Lev O255351 40.94
128 Zapata, Alonso255350 27.94
129 Uhlmann, Wolfgang255350 51.34
130 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I255255 52.72
131 Kruppa, Yuri255165 22.11
132 Graf, Alexander255162 23.93
133 Yakovich, Yuri255154 23.67
134 Polovodin, Igor A255171 31.36
135 Gufeld, Eduard E255064 50.37
136 Murey, Yakov255054 44.99
137 Kupreichik, Viktor D254950 37.08
138 Pétursson, Margeir254951 26.46
139 Huzman, Alexander254967 24.31
140 Karlsson, Lars254851 31.05
141 Velimirovic, Dragoljub254752 44.22
142 Faragó, Iván254749 40.33
143 Kurajica, Bojan254652 38.71
144 Matanovic, Aleksandar254566 56.19
145 London, Dimitri254563 23.69
146 Gligoric, Svetozar254553 63.49
147 Korzubov, Peter254360 24.58
148 Garcia Palermo, Carlos254351 32.66
149 Browne, Walter S254252 37.56
150 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V254266 38.95
151 Kholmov, Ratmir D254153 61.22
152 Mokrý, Karel254049 27.48
153 Dueball, Juergen254071 41.34
154 Henley, Ron W253959 29.65
155 Wedberg, Tom253958 32.68
156 Taimanov, Mark E253858 60.48
157 Barua, Dibyendu253859 19.76
158 Didishko, Vereslav253870 37.31
159 Arnason, Jon L253751 25.72
160 Glek, Igor V253756 24.73
161 Hazai, Laszlo253555 33.13
162 Ivkov, Borislav253552 52.72
163 Ekstroem, Roland253569 30.19
164 Osnos, Viacheslav V253476 51.02
165 Matulovic, Milan253459 51.14
166 Palatnik, Semen A253357 36.35
167 Mestel, A Jonathan253052 29.38
168 deFirmian, Nicholas E253050 29.01
169 Reshevsky, Samuel H253065 74.68
170 Liberzon, Vladimir M253075 49.36
171 Kovacevic, Vladimir252954 44.35
172 Sunye Neto, Jaime252852 29.24
173 Csom, István252751 46.16
174 Vitolinš, Alvis252762 40.13
175 Flear, Glenn C252754 27.47
176 Gaprindashvili, Nona252664 45.24
177 Greenfeld, Alon252553 22.29
178 Rukavina, Josip252554 43.67
179 Spraggett, Kevin B252452 31.72
180 Kindermann, Stefan252350 26.59
181 Sturua, Zurab252359 27.15
182 Georgadze, Tamaz V252155 38.73
183 Bönsch, Uwe252150 27.79
184 García Gonzáles, Guillermo252152 32.64
185 Dlugy, Maxim252151 20.51
186 Groszpeter, Attila252051 26.14
187 Grigorian, Karen A251960 38.90
188 Cherepkov, Alexander V251975 65.75
189 Morovic Fernández, Iván E251956 23.35
190 Ostermeyer, Peter251959 42.80
191 Ivanov, Alexander V251959 30.25
192 Drasko, Milan251753 23.65
193 Ionov, Sergey251774 24.56
194 Meduna, Eduard251752 35.89
195 Rogers, Ian251650 26.10
196 Jansa, Vlastimil251650 43.68
197 Bischoff, Klaus251653 25.14
198 Gruenfeld, Yehuda251553 30.42
199 Cebalo, Mišo251449 41.48
200 Veingold, Aleksander251166 32.81
201 Vogt, Lothar H251151 34.54
202 Unzicker, Wolfgang251158 61.10
203 Kogan, Boris251159
204 Velikov, Petar251053 35.34
205 Buturin, Vladimir251070 42.70
206 Kuporosov, Viktor251067 24.85
207 Suetin, Alexey S250971 59.71
208 Fedorowicz, John P250951 27.84
209 Klovans, Janis250861 51.31
210 Inkiov, Ventzislav250650 30.20
211 Dreev, Alexey250661 17.53
212 Wolf, Volker250564 28.90
213 Ivanovic, Božidar250551 39.93
214 Kraidman, Yair250569 53.75
215 Haik, Aldo250452 33.78
216 Barbero, Gerardo F250457 24.94
217 Barlov, Dragan250451 29.50
218 Hawelko, Marek250456 26.97
219 Ivanchuk, Vassily250461 17.37
220 Hellers, Ferdinand250356 17.51
221 Gomez Baillo, Jorge H250364 27.28
222 Gofshtein, Leonid D250367 33.28
223 Olafsson, Fridrik250274 51.51
224 Basin, Leonid250258 28.69
225 Lein, Anatoly250054 55.34
226 Shamkovich, Leonid A249959 63.16
227 Fernandez Garcia, Jose Luis249961 32.24
228 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel249754 37.02
229 Pekarek, Ales249657 24.62
230 Epishin, Vladimir249559 21.05
231 Simic, Radoslav249559 38.14
232 Rodriguez, Amador249551 29.90
233 Vukic, Milan249559 42.94
234 Lombardy, William J249558 48.66
235 Pytel, Krzysztof249558 41.21
236 Georgiev, Krum249553 28.19
237 Cvitan, Ognjen249552 24.81
238 Kovacevic, Vladimir2249468 31.37
239 Lukacs, Peter249450 36.06
240 Schneider, Lars Ake249458
241 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz249450 43.31
242 Plachetka, Jan249450 41.45
243 Mednis, Edmar J249359 49.36
244 Radulov, Ivan249356 47.56
245 Tringov, Georgy P249256 49.40
246 Nikolic, Zivoslav249159 32.63
247 Rivas Pastor, Manuel249158 26.05
248 Tisdall, Jonathan D249156 27.92
249 Yrjola, Jouni249152 26.77
250 Minic, Dragoljub249072 49.40
251 Hjartarson, Jóhann249050 23.48
252 Stohl, Igor248950 21.84
253 Birnboim, Nathan248965 35.68
254 Legky, Nikolay A248770 31.30
255 Hodgson, Julian M248752 23.02
256 Donchev, Dimitar I248651 28.03
257 Kuzmin, Alexey248669 23.40
258 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A248657 47.65
259 Schussler, Harry248651 29.10
260 Ziatdinov, Raset248565 27.59
261 Dizdar, Goran248454 27.66
262 Soppe, Guillermo248471 25.87
263 Wirthensohn, Heinz248357 35.24
264 Podzielny, Karl Heinz248367 31.89
265 Antunes, Antonio248367 24.48
266 Kudrin, Sergey248250 26.90
267 Heinbuch, Detlef248258 25.56
268 Vaulin, Alexander248269 29.37
269 Staniszewski, Piotr248255 19.91
270 McKay, Roderick M248275 34.47
271 Lukin, Andrei M248165 37.92
272 Kirov Ivanov, Nino248152 40.89
273 Popov, Luben248162 50.51
274 Van der Sterren, Paul248052 30.37
275 Stoica, Valentin247964 36.46
276 Klaric, Zlatko247959 29.77
277 Petrushin, Alexander I247962 39.39
278 Ree, Hans247952 41.88
279 Giorgadze, Giorgi247971 21.81
280 Moskalenko, Viktor247863 25.66
281 Soltis, Andrew E247664 39.17
282 Tatai, Stefano247654 48.36
283 Portisch, Ferenc247657 47.31
284 Abramovic, Boško247653 35.46
285 Pfleger, Helmut247556 42.98
286 Seret, Jean Luc247464
287 Vera, Reynaldo247453 25.56
288 Nikolac, Juraj247466 54.27
289 Popchev, Milko247357 21.72
290 Imanaliev, Taalaibek247363
291 Petrienko, Vladimir247367 31.39
292 Espig, Lutz247255 37.57
293 Lechtynsky, Jiri247250 38.68
294 Szekely, Peter247252 31.48
295 Gutman, Lev247252 40.85
296 Kaidanov, Gregory S247157 26.80
297 Plaskett, Jim247150 26.37
298 Pachmann, Ludek247173 62.22
299 Raicevic, Momcilo247064
300 Goldin, Alexander247064 21.43
301 Hebden, Mark247054 28.46
302 Thorsteins, Karl247055 21.80
303 Peters, John A246975 35.47
304 Filipovic, Branko246962 28.82
305 Barczay, Laszlo246963 50.44
306 Ernst, Thomas246855 25.95
307 Ornstein, Axel246756 34.27
308 Govedarica, Radovan246774 38.46
309 Andres Mendez, Miguel246770
310 Lau, Ralf246754 26.78
311 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur246654 38.85
312 Sahovic, Dragutin246656 45.97
313 Wiedenkeller, Michael246554 23.56
314 Vokác, Marek246456 27.65
315 Shvidler, Eliahu246463 26.61
316 Prandstetter, Eduard246451 37.63
317 Sharif, Mershad246361 34.05
318 Bany, Jerzy246355 25.41
319 Hermann, Manfred246365 43.92
320 Zaitsev, Igor A246365 48.18
321 Hecht, Hans-Joachim246261 47.51
322 Benko, Pal C246266 58.04
323 Spassov, Liuben246253 43.36
324 Braga, Fernando246157 28.06
325 Schneider, Attila246057 31.30
326 Yap, Andronico246052
327 Ermenkov, Evgenij246052 36.84
328 Womacka, Mathias246066 20.10
329 Van Wijgerden, Cornelis246072 36.19
330 Aseev, Konstantin N245959 25.78
331 Rajkovic, Dusan245963 44.12
332 Ardiansyah, Haji245863 34.65
333 Kishnev, Sergey245872 29.75
334 Knezevic, Milorad245851 49.75
335 Eslon, Jaan245765 34.41
336 Mirkovic, Slobodan245774 28.01
337 Lanc, Alois245654 38.45
338 Velickovic, Sasa245667 35.33
339 Lalev, Dimitar245669 26.54
340 Bjelajac, Milan245671 38.38
341 Lalic, Bogdan245660 22.40
342 Tseitlin, Mikhail S245658 39.12
343 Bilek, István245668 53.96
344 Frias, Victor J245563 30.47
345 Renman, Nils Gustaf245559
346 Lanka, Zigurds245567 26.19
347 Bielczyk, Jacek245555 33.44
348 Serper, Grigory245476 16.88
349 Horvath, Jozsef245453 21.96
350 Bisguier, Arthur B245474 56.81
351 Calvo Minguez, Ricardo245473 42.77
352 Ligterink, Gert245456 36.70
353 Kurtenkov, Atanas245457 22.99
354 Bukal, Vladimir Sr245459 46.75
355 Handoko, Edhi245361 25.92
356 Shabanov, Yury F245369 48.72
357 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto245369 28.61
358 Bastian, Herbert245361 33.64
359 Hartston, William R245266 38.96
360 Garcia, Gildardo245259 32.39
361 Blatny, Pavel245255 18.11
362 Helmers, Knut J245259 29.48
363 Mariotti, Sergio245166 39.97
364 Strauss, David J245171 39.98
365 Nun, Josef245166 53.02
366 Loginov, Valery A245160 30.63
367 Mascarinas, Rico245071 33.41
368 Ricardi, Pablo245055 24.43
369 Klinger, Josef245051 19.15
370 Foisor, Ovidiu244955 27.32
371 Raicevic, Vladimir244957 37.24
372 Li Zunian244959 28.56
373 Barbulescu, Dan244959 22.11
374 Ambroz, Jan244857 32.12
375 Karner, Hillar244866 51.01
376 Hjorth, Greg244867 23.05
377 Gurevich, Dmitry244754 29.89
378 Bass, Leonid244774 29.17
379 Řgaard, Leif244760 34.57
380 Spiridonov, Nikola244652 48.42
381 Filipowicz, Andrzej244665 48.22
382 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich244552 30.56
383 Qi Jingxuan244558 38.73
384 Efimov, Igor244467 25.87
385 Wilder, Michael244466 23.87
386 Piket, Jeroen244460 17.51
387 Kouatly, Bachar244451 28.41
388 Dobrovolsky, Ladislav244466 35.60
389 Kelecevic, Nedeljko244474 39.39
390 Derikum, Axel244471 32.22
391 Akesson, Ralf244358 25.48
392 Pelts, Roman244270 49.39
393 Kestler, Hans-Günter244271 46.63
394 Cramling, Dan244264 27.49
395 Sygulski, Artur244151 26.02
396 Hertneck, Gerald244158 22.87
397 Doda, Zbigniew244169 55.44
398 Cabrilo, Goran244064 28.08
399 Orlov, Georgi244069
400 Watson, William N244052 24.29
401 Tischbierek, Raj244051 23.85
402 Sanna, Gianlazzaro243964 26.30
403 Adianto, Utut243962 21.37
404 Seredenko, Vladimir243972 46.21
405 Zagrebelny, Sergey243866
406 Veinger, Itzhak243870 48.07
407 Jakobsen, Ole243857 43.78
408 Ost Hansen, Jacob243865
409 Thipsay, Praveen Mahadeo243753 26.96
410 Polgar, Zsuzsa243750 17.28
411 Wittmann, Walter243659 38.38
412 Nun, Jiri243661 29.01
413 Sehner, Norbert243658 26.48
414 Klundt, Klaus243665 44.60
415 Ochoa de Echaguen, F Javier243570 31.91
416 Leow Leslie M243572
417 Bellin, Robert243568 34.09
418 Reefschlaeger, Helmut243461 42.31
419 De Wit, Johannes S243466 21.85
420 Sideif Sade, Fikret I243469 34.58
421 Gauglitz, Gernot243460 24.09
422 Kantsler, Boris243364 24.29
423 Doncevic, Dario243361 28.55
424 Casper, Thomas243358 27.37
425 Mortensen, Erling243254 31.32
426 Hernandez, Roman243254 36.69
427 McCambridge, Vincent243257 26.40
428 Steinbacher, Matthias243266 34.87
429 Kristiansen, Jens243252 34.18
430 Pribyl, Josef243255 38.80
431 Ghitescu, Theodor243265 52.52
432 Garcia Martinez, Silvino243153 42.07
433 Tiller, Bjorn243170 27.54
434 Lengyel, Levente243159 53.13
435 Van Riemsdijk, Herman C243169 37.92
436 Biriescu, Ioan243069 32.76
437 Botterill, George Steven243067
438 Murshed, Niaz243063 20.22
439 Dzuban, Oleg I243074
440 Djuric, Stefan243052 31.01
441 Rigo, Janos242961 37.76
442 Zahariev, Zahari242964 24.89
443 Khasin, Alexander242963 35.26
444 Szmetan, Jorge242969 36.18
445 Forintos, Gyözö V242857 51.00
446 Gruen, Peter242860 29.55
447 Martinovic, Slobodan242753 41.02
448 Vilela, Jose Luis242752 33.37
449 Manouck, Thierry242767 29.22
450 Littlewood, Paul E242675 30.54
451 Hawksworth, John C242563 22.65
452 Adamski, Jan242553 42.72
453 Danailov, Silvio242554 25.28
454 Trapl, Jindrich242564 44.35
455 Hug, Werner242457 33.89
456 Sznapik, Aleksander242450 35.47
457 Xu Jun242364 23.87
458 Trepp, Markus242357
459 Tashkhodzhaev, A.242367
460 Gerusel, Mathias242373 48.49
461 Dejkalo, Stefan242355 26.79
462 Karolyi, Tibor Jr242256 24.71
463 Blees, Albert242258 23.93
464 Wockenfuss, Klaus242157 34.92
465 Scheeren, Peter242162 31.00
466 Ilic, Zoran242065 22.99
467 Condie, Mark L242059 21.47
468 Damljanovic, Branko242063 25.12
469 Bronstein, Luis242064 40.16
470 Schweber, Samuel242066 50.04
471 Rubinetti, Jorge A242061 41.33
472 Hartmann, Wolfram242064 30.19
473 Robatsch, Karl242063 57.80
474 Gruenenwald, Joerg242069 21.16
475 Rostalski, Walter241975 33.56
476 Toth, Bela241957 43.28
477 Jailjan, M.241974
478 Seppeur, Reinhold241863 30.96
479 Kuligowski, Adam241859 30.60
480 Miralles, Gilles241855 20.48
481 Langeweg, Kick241660 49.40
482 Valkesalmi, Kimmo241656 25.25
483 Saeed, Saeed Ahmed241665
484 Borm, Franciscus WM241570
485 Dizdarevic, Emir241559 28.33
486 Martin, Andrew D241560 29.20
487 Barle, Janez241574 34.36
488 Sisniega, Marcel241560 27.01
489 Matlak, Marek241561 20.36
490 King, Daniel J241553 22.92
491 Damjanovic, Mato241475 59.36
492 Bohm, Hans241461 36.54
493 Brinck Claussen, Bjorn241460
494 Pedersen, Erik241362 27.89
495 Banas, Jan241252 39.16
496 Pliester, Leon241260 31.94
497 Horvath, Tamas241258 34.77
498 McNab, Colin Anderson241262 25.49
499 Zaltsman, Vitaly F241159 44.76
500 Renet, Olivier241157 21.61

These ratings, calculated as of July 31, 1986, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between August 1, 1985 and July 31, 1986, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of July 31, 1985. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of July 31, 1986. This represents the player's estimated strength on August 1, 1986.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on August 1, 1986. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on August 1, 1986 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on August 1, 1986. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on July 31, 1986. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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