< June 30, 1988     Back to date list    August 31, 1988 >

Top 10 active players as of July 31, 1988

  #  

Player Rating +/-
1 Kasparov, Garry K280948
2 Karpov, Anatoly E279147
3 Timman, Jan H270447
4 Beliavsky, Alexander G269948
5 Short, Nigel D269048
6 Portisch, Lajos268949
7 Tal, Mikhail268848
8 Gelfand, Boris267852
9 Salov, Valery B267650
10 Korchnoi, Viktor L267447

About these ratings

Top 500 active players as of July 31, 1988

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28094853.8% #225.30
2 Karpov, Anatoly E27914734.4% #337.19
3 Timman, Jan H2704471.6% #2336.63
4 Beliavsky, Alexander G2699481.3% #2634.62
5 Short, Nigel D2690480.9% #3023.16
6 Portisch, Lajos2689490.9% #3251.32
7 Tal, Mikhail2688480.9% #3151.73
8 Gelfand, Boris2678520.7% #4120.10
9 Salov, Valery B2676500.5% #4024.18
10 Korchnoi, Viktor L2674470.4% #4157.36
11 Jussupow, Artur M2671480.3% #4428.47
12 Hübner, Robert2667490.3% #4739.73
13 Khalifman, Alexander2667490.3% #4722.54
14 Ivanchuk, Vassily2667500.3% #4919.37
15 Speelman, Jonathan S2664490.3% #4931.83
16 Ribli, Zoltán2664500.3% #5036.90
17 Andersson, Ulf2663480.2% #5037.09
18 Gavrikov, Victor N2663500.2% #5131.01
19 Agdestein, Simen2660510.3% #5421.21
20 Tukmakov, Vladimir B2660490.2% #5342.38
21 Ehlvest, Jaan2659490.1% #5425.80
22 Psakhis, Lev B2656480.1% #5629.67
23 Spassky, Boris V2656500.2% #5751.50
24 Yudasin, Leonid G2654500.2% #5928.97
25 Lputian, Smbat G2648480.1% #6430.46
26 Seirawan, Yasser2645490.1% #6628.35
27 Nikolic, Predrag264448 #6727.89
28 Vaganian, Rafael A2643480.1% #6836.79
29 Chernin, Alexander M264249 #6928.40
30 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir264147 #6937.74
31 Nunn, John D M2640480.1% #7133.27
32 Sokolov, Andrey Y263849 #7325.36
33 Polugaevsky, Lev A2637500.1% #7553.70
34 Gulko, Boris F263649 #7541.48
35 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A2634530.1% #8028.37
36 Larsen, Bent2633500.1% #8053.41
37 Dokhoian, Yury2631530.1% #8323.76
38 Smagin, Sergey262850 #8429.90
39 Georgiev, Kiril262849 #8422.67
40 Chandler, Murray G262748 #8528.32
41 Eingorn, Viacheslav S262450 #8831.68
42 Hort, Vlastimil262350 #8944.55
43 Malaniuk, Vladimir P262348 #8931.03
44 Sax, Gyula262250 #9137.12
45 Balashov, Yury S262149 #9139.38
46 Smyslov, Vassily V261951 #9567.35
47 Gurevich, Mikhail N261848 #9429.44
48 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y261753 #9931.53
49 Romanishin, Oleg M261748 #9536.56
50 Torre, Eugenio261150 #10336.74
51 Vyzmanavin, Alexey261052 #10628.58
52 Dolmatov, Sergey V260950 #10629.45
53 Smirin, Ilia260851 #10820.53
54 Yurtaev, Leonid260754 #11129.25
55 Dvoiris, Semen I260559 #11729.74
56 Razuvaev, Yury S260550 #11042.81
57 Hjartarson, Jóhann260449 #11025.48
58 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V260250 #11243.85
59 Kharitonov, Andrey Y260149 #11329.32
60 Dreev, Alexey259952 #11819.53
61 Dorfman, Iosif D259851 #11836.25
62 Rozentalis, Eduardas259852 #11825.18
63 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E259851 #11838.47
64 Pigusov, Evgeny259750 #11827.33
65 Ubilava, Elizbar E259754 #12237.92
66 Lerner, Konstantin Z259551 #12138.42
67 Kruppa, Yuri259555 #12424.11
68 Christiansen, Larry M259449 #12132.09
69 Vaisser, Anatoli259452 #12439.40
70 Krasenkow, Michal259056 #13024.71
71 Kuzmin, Gennady P258953 #13042.53
72 Murey, Yakov258852 #13046.99
73 Bareev, Evgeny258750 #13021.69
74 Huzman, Alexander258652 #13226.31
75 Benjamin, Joel L258550 #13224.39
76 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N258351 #13442.29
77 Chekhov, Valery A258350 #13432.68
78 Anand, Viswanathan258352 #13718.64
79 Pintér, József258350 #13434.73
80 Nogueiras, Jesus258248 #13329.04
81 Dautov, Rustem258156 #14022.67
82 Naumkin, Igor258053 #13922.97
83 Miles, Anthony J258049 #13633.27
84 Oll, Lembit258051 #13722.27
85 Popovic, Petar258050 #13829.46
86 van der Wiel, John T H258048 #13628.97
87 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B257950 #13933.70
88 Panchenko, Alexander N257953 #13934.82
89 Kavalek, Lubomir257856 #14444.97
90 Arkhipov, Sergey257857 #14434.11
91 Bronstein, David I257766 #15064.45
92 Gorelov, Sergey G257759 #14630.95
93 Dlugy, Maxim257749 #13922.51
94 Novikov, Igor A257650 #14126.19
95 Sokolov, Ivan257452 #14320.13
96 Timoshchenko, Gennady257450 #14339.26
97 Podgaets, Mikhail Y257364 #15241.02
98 Ftácnik, Lubomír257350 #14430.75
99 Kupreichik, Viktor D257349 #14439.08
100 Greenfeld, Alon257153 #14724.29
101 Yermolinsky, Alex V257152 30.30
102 Sosonko, Gennadi257051 45.20
103 Lobron, Eric257049 28.23
104 Zaichik, Gennady L256951 31.47
105 Kochiev, Alexander256955 32.35
106 Darga, Klaus V256872 54.44
107 Makarichev, Sergey Y256755 34.70
108 Kaidanov, Gregory S256750 28.80
109 Adorján, András256750 38.33
110 Epishin, Vladimir256654 23.05
111 Neverov, Valery256654 24.11
112 Aseev, Konstantin N256456 27.78
113 Shereshevsky, Mikhail I256371 38.28
114 Gufeld, Eduard E256361 52.37
115 Kholmov, Ratmir D256157 63.22
116 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y256056 44.24
117 Goldin, Alexander256056 23.43
118 Vasiukov, Evgeny A255657 55.40
119 Didishko, Vereslav255665 39.31
120 Morovic Fernández, Iván E255657 25.35
121 Karlsson, Lars255550 33.05
122 Kindermann, Stefan255548 28.59
123 Pétursson, Margeir255449 28.46
124 Yakovich, Yuri255454 25.67
125 Kengis, Edvins255354 29.30
126 Franco Ocampos, Zenon255259 32.22
127 Janjgava, Lasha255253 18.24
128 Soppe, Guillermo255264 27.87
129 Hansen, Curt255250 23.87
130 Suba, Mihai255150 41.16
131 Savon, Vladimir A255167 47.85
132 Kveinys, Aloyzas255160 26.06
133 Uhlmann, Wolfgang255052 53.34
134 Kudrin, Sergey255050 28.90
135 Hulak, Krunoslav255051 37.18
136 Velimirovic, Dragoljub255052 46.22
137 Rodriguez, Amador255051 31.90
138 Chiburdanidze, Maia G254951 27.54
139 Spraggett, Kevin B254952 33.72
140 Csom, István254852 48.16
141 Arnason, Jon L254751 27.72
142 Moskalenko, Viktor254655 27.66
143 Shabanov, Yury F254562 50.72
144 Bönsch, Uwe254550 29.79
145 Najdorf, Miguel254564 78.29
146 Groszpeter, Attila254552 28.14
147 Quinteros, Miguel A254456 40.59
148 Todorcevic, Miodrag254454 47.72
149 Reshevsky, Samuel H254369 76.68
150 Browne, Walter S254351 39.56
151 Ivanov, Alexander V254263 32.25
152 Gligoric, Svetozar254254 65.49
153 deFirmian, Nicholas E254251 31.01
154 Sorokin, Maxim254158 20.52
155 Cebalo, Mišo254151 43.48
156 Cámpora, Daniel H254152 31.09
157 Fedorowicz, John P254150 29.84
158 Henley, Ron W254074 31.65
159 Marjanovic, Slavoljub254050 33.57
160 Rogers, Ian254050 28.10
161 Taimanov, Mark E254074 62.48
162 García Gonzáles, Guillermo253951 34.64
163 Bagirov, Vladimir K253954 51.95
164 Ulibin, Mikhail253858 17.17
165 Ionov, Sergey253870 26.56
166 Panno, Oscar R253857 53.37
167 Adams, Michael253758 16.70
168 Ruban, Vadim253758 24.13
169 Olafsson, Helgi253750 31.95
170 Gaprindashvili, Nona253756 47.24
171 Kuzmin, Alexey253758 25.40
172 Smejkal, Jan253651 42.36
173 Cvitan, Ognjen253651 26.81
174 Kurajica, Bojan253660 40.71
175 Knaak, Rainer F253550 35.37
176 Ivanov, Igor V253454 41.56
177 Wedberg, Tom253452 34.68
178 Lalic, Bogdan253351 24.40
179 Gheorghiu, Florin253252 44.32
180 Ivanovic, Božidar253252 41.93
181 Palatnik, Semen A253156 38.35
182 Mainka, Romuald253057 25.21
183 Magerramov, Elmar S253064 30.31
184 Gipslis, Aivars253054 51.48
185 Ekstroem, Roland252960 32.19
186 Lanka, Zigurds252860 28.19
187 Gruenfeld, Yehuda252852 32.42
188 Adianto, Utut252860 23.37
189 Bischoff, Klaus252651 27.14
190 Glek, Igor V252558 26.73
191 Guseinov, Aidyn252463 36.58
192 Sturua, Zurab252475 29.15
193 Hellers, Ferdinand252453 19.51
194 Antunes, Antonio252373 26.48
195 Serper, Grigory252353 18.88
196 Liberzon, Vladimir M252362 51.36
197 Shneider, Aleksandr252258 26.19
198 Pfleger, Helmut252259 44.98
199 Mokrý, Karel252151 29.48
200 Geller, Efim P252150 63.41
201 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel252155 22.66
202 Mochalov, Evgeny V252167 36.76
203 Nemet, Ivan252060 45.30
204 Mohr, Stefan251956 20.77
205 Byrne, Robert E251861 60.28
206 Rohde, Michael A251851 28.92
207 Simic, Radoslav251859 40.14
208 Donchev, Dimitar I251858 30.03
209 Govedarica, Radovan251867 40.46
210 Andrianov, Nikolai251873 26.61
211 Schussler, Harry251754 31.10
212 Marin, Mihail251759 23.28
213 Petrienko, Vladimir251663 33.39
214 Faragó, Iván251649 42.33
215 Nikolac, Juraj251662 56.27
216 Inkiov, Ventzislav251551 32.20
217 Barbero, Gerardo F251554 26.94
218 Seret, Jean Luc251463
219 Tischbierek, Raj251451 25.85
220 Petrosian, Arshak B251453 34.62
221 London, Dimitri251371 25.69
222 Barua, Dibyendu251354 21.76
223 Watson, William N251350 26.29
224 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto251353 30.61
225 Hickl, Joerg251250 23.29
226 Hodgson, Julian M251250 25.02
227 Loginov, Valery A251254 32.63
228 Vogt, Lothar H251150 36.54
229 Veingold, Aleksander251165 34.81
230 McKay, Roderick M251172 36.47
231 Ostermeyer, Peter251063 44.80
232 Vitolinš, Alvis250960 42.13
233 Graf, Alexander250854 25.93
234 Root, Douglas250875 25.47
235 Georgadze, Tamaz V250860 40.73
236 Barlov, Dragan250850 31.50
237 Sherbakov, Vitaly S250772 33.12
238 Basin, Leonid250761 30.69
239 Alburt, Lev O250753 42.94
240 Mestel, A Jonathan250654 31.38
241 Garcia Palermo, Carlos250650 34.66
242 King, Daniel J250651 24.92
243 Kovacevic, Vladimir250657 46.35
244 Sahovic, Dragutin250560 47.97
245 Stoica, Valentin250460 38.46
246 Georgiev, Krum250454 30.19
247 Kalinitschew, Sergey250364 32.49
248 Kantsler, Boris250357 26.29
249 Plaskett, Jim250253 28.37
250 Lau, Ralf250049 28.78
251 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E249950 21.43
252 Zagrebelny, Sergey249963
253 Rukavina, Josip249963 45.67
254 Sunye Neto, Jaime249856 31.24
255 Klaric, Zlatko249863 31.77
256 Shamkovich, Leonid A249760 65.16
257 Vukic, Milan249674 44.94
258 Espig, Lutz249655 39.57
259 Meyer, E.249674
260 Meduna, Eduard249551 37.89
261 Frias, Victor J249559 32.47
262 Rajkovic, Dusan249453 46.12
263 Kiselev, Sergey249461 26.88
264 Velikov, Petar249455 37.34
265 Antoshin, Vladimir S249476 59.21
266 Flear, Glenn C249350 29.47
267 Ernst, Thomas249251 27.95
268 Tringov, Georgy P249160 51.40
269 Jansa, Vlastimil249051 45.68
270 Hazai, Laszlo249052 35.13
271 Andres Mendez, Miguel248969
272 Lukacs, Peter248949 38.06
273 Foisor, Ovidiu248952 29.32
274 Renet, Olivier248952 23.61
275 Xu Jun248857 25.87
276 Wolf, Volker248865 30.90
277 Valkesalmi, Kimmo248855 27.25
278 Stohl, Igor248852 23.84
279 Klinger, Josef248852 21.15
280 Horvath, Jozsef248851 23.96
281 Hebden, Mark248752 30.46
282 Portisch, Ferenc248769 49.31
283 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A248772 49.65
284 Ninov, Kiril248756 19.81
285 Van der Sterren, Paul248750 32.37
286 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel248654 39.02
287 Karpman, Vadim248662 23.22
288 Ree, Hans248657 43.88
289 Rivas Pastor, Manuel248556 28.05
290 Gutman, Lev248550 42.85
291 Popchev, Milko248553 23.72
292 Cabrilo, Goran248557 30.08
293 Lein, Anatoly248454 57.34
294 Vokác, Marek248355 29.65
295 Ermenkov, Evgenij248353 38.84
296 Unzicker, Wolfgang248359 63.10
297 Abramovic, Boško248351 37.46
298 Zapata, Alonso248350 29.94
299 Mednis, Edmar J248357 51.36
300 Ionescu, Constantin248255 29.88
301 Dizdar, Goran248252 29.66
302 Kamsky, Gata248266 14.16
303 Filipovic, Branko248263 30.82
304 Raicevic, Momcilo248266
305 Legky, Nikolay A248272 33.30
306 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes248159 45.07
307 Dueball, Juergen248170 43.34
308 Eslon, Jaan248172 36.41
309 Nijboer, Friso248060 23.18
310 Sideif Sade, Fikret I247962 36.58
311 Nun, Jiri247958 31.01
312 Savchenko, Stanislav247968 21.53
313 Petkevich, Jusefs247864 47.62
314 Efimov, Igor247863 27.87
315 Vera, Reynaldo247858 27.56
316 Fokin, Sergey247764 32.80
317 Pytel, Krzysztof247769 43.21
318 Yrjola, Jouni247752 28.77
319 Tisdall, Jonathan D247752 29.92
320 Ivkov, Borislav247757 54.72
321 Wilder, Michael247752 25.87
322 Polgar, Zsuzsa247750 19.28
323 Lombardy, William J247765 50.66
324 Ornstein, Axel247659 36.27
325 Keitlinghaus, Ludger247657 23.02
326 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I247660 54.72
327 Braga, Fernando247656 30.06
328 Gomez Baillo, Jorge H247660 29.28
329 Akhmilovskaya, Elena247465
330 Fernandez Garcia, Jose Luis247461 34.24
331 Pribyl, Josef247456 40.80
332 Reyes, Juan247372 25.26
333 Pekarek, Ales247352 26.62
334 Piket, Jeroen247351 19.51
335 Damljanovic, Branko247353 27.12
336 Piasetski, Leon David247372
337 Gabdrakhmanov, Rafail247275 29.15
338 Malisauskas, Vidmantas247255 24.98
339 Shabalov, Alexander247253 20.88
340 Drasko, Milan247252 25.65
341 Motwani, Paul247159 26.13
342 Hecht, Hans-Joachim247160 49.51
343 Davies, Nigel R247050 27.99
344 Staniszewski, Piotr247054 21.91
345 Renman, Nils Gustaf247062
346 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz247050 45.31
347 Murshed, Niaz247061 22.22
348 Akopian, Vladimir246957 16.65
349 Skembris, Spyridon246958 30.44
350 Lechtynsky, Jiri246952 40.68
351 Belov, Igor246871
352 Anastasian, Ashot246859 24.04
353 Szekely, Peter246857 33.48
354 Schmittdiel, Eckhard246755 28.22
355 Sznapik, Aleksander246752 37.47
356 Řgaard, Leif246764 36.57
357 Li Zunian246566 30.56
358 Milos, Gilberto246454 24.75
359 Schneider, Lars Ake246458
360 Garcia, Gildardo246456 34.39
361 Kogan, Boris246357
362 Ryskin, Alexander246366 25.55
363 Schneider, Bernd246365 23.31
364 Zaitsev, Igor A246366 50.18
365 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich246355 32.56
366 Barbulescu, Dan246358 24.11
367 Tseitlin, Mikhail S246269 41.12
368 Khenkin, Igor246263 20.36
369 Matulovic, Milan246258 53.14
370 Polasek, Jaroslav246163 31.34
371 Ambroz, Jan246165 34.12
372 Yap, Andronico246163
373 Rubinetti, Jorge A246060 43.33
374 Timoshenko, Georgy246075 22.16
375 Reeh, Oliver245962 24.53
376 Gurevich, Dmitry245951 31.89
377 Kouatly, Bachar245950 30.41
378 Mortensen, Erling245954 33.32
379 Winants, Luc245951 25.58
380 Marangunic, Srdjan245866 44.75
381 Veinger, Itzhak245760 50.07
382 Leski, Marc245767 27.10
383 Blatny, Pavel245652 20.11
384 Verduga, Denis Homero245661
385 Popov, Luben245674 52.51
386 Dizdarevic, Emir245655 30.33
387 Lukin, Andrei M245675 39.92
388 Piesina, Gintautas245562 36.31
389 Kotronias, Vasilios245452 23.93
390 Kozlov, V.245462
391 Ardiansyah, Haji245466 36.65
392 Makropoulos, Georgios245365 34.84
393 Negulescu, Adrian245357 27.14
394 Klundt, Klaus245364 46.60
395 Helmers, Knut J245375 31.48
396 Shtyrenkov, Veniamen245274 30.27
397 Pedersen, Erik245270 29.89
398 Hawelko, Marek245252 28.97
399 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur245262 40.85
400 Ostojic, Predrag245275 50.44
401 Knezevic, Milorad245252 51.75
402 Neckar, Lubomir245163 37.99
403 Hansen, Lars Bo245155 19.85
404 Kuczynski, Robert245052 22.29
405 Lalev, Dimitar245062 28.54
406 Kosten, Anthony C245051 30.02
407 Cramling, Dan245061 29.49
408 Giorgadze, Giorgi244975 23.81
409 Rechlis, Gad244956 21.49
410 Kolev, Atanas244870 21.04
411 Prandstetter, Eduard244752 39.63
412 Litvinov, Vladimir244767 47.04
413 Hamann, Svend244775 47.81
414 Arkell, Keith C244761 27.56
415 Nikolic, Zivoslav244755 34.63
416 Solozhenkin, Evgeniy244765 21.99
417 Khasin, Alexander244765 37.26
418 Schulte, Oliver244661 19.61
419 Gurevich, Vladimir244576 28.98
420 Wahls, Matthias244554 20.51
421 Tempone, Marcelo244560 25.90
422 Djurhuus, Rune244459 18.52
423 Reefschlaeger, Helmut244464 44.31
424 Norwood, David244459 19.83
425 Kraidman, Yair244472 55.75
426 Piskov, Yury244363 26.80
427 Radulov, Ivan244258 49.56
428 Djuric, Stefan244252 33.01
429 Thorsteins, Karl244252 23.80
430 Lukov, Valentin244259 32.64
431 Sonntag, Hans Hubert244162
432 Magomedov, Magaram244167 22.20
433 Potts, Alan244176
434 Kurtenkov, Atanas244071 24.99
435 Spiridonov, Nikola244059 50.42
436 Haba, Petr244058 23.57
437 Casper, Thomas244053 29.37
438 Wockenfuss, Klaus244059 36.92
439 Spassov, Liuben244057 45.36
440 Wolff, Patrick G243956 20.46
441 Ochoa de Echaguen, F Javier243964 33.91
442 Hausner, Ivan243957 36.29
443 Wittmann, Walter243959 40.38
444 Toshkov, Tihomir243955 28.70
445 Handoko, Edhi243967 27.92
446 Rachels, Stuart243868 18.85
447 Karolyi, Tibor Jr243851 26.71
448 Benko, Pal C243863 60.04
449 Lanc, Alois243853 40.45
450 Plachetka, Jan243850 43.45
451 Semkov, Semko243855 28.42
452 Semeniuk, Alexander A243765 35.89
453 Barczay, Laszlo243760 52.44
454 Bonin, Jay R243765 33.06
455 Kirov Ivanov, Nino243756 42.89
456 Lendwai, Reinhard243668 21.80
457 Conquest, Stuart243650 21.41
458 Orso, Miklos243674 32.15
459 Ye Jiangchuan243671 27.70
460 Trapl, Jindrich243562 46.35
461 Wirthensohn, Heinz243558 37.24
462 Kuligowski, Adam243558 32.60
463 Birnboim, Nathan243455 37.68
464 Dzuban, Oleg I243474
465 Nowak, Ignacy243458 39.55
466 Bukal, Vladimir Sr243356 48.75
467 Pieterse, Gert243357 26.45
468 Kallai, Gabor243360 29.44
469 Mariotti, Sergio243272 41.97
470 Rigo, Janos243260 39.76
471 Lengyel, Levente243274 55.13
472 Sherzer, Alex243257 17.50
473 Levin, Felix243265 29.74
474 Steinbacher, Matthias243259 36.87
475 Krnic, Zdenko243165 40.83
476 Imanaliev, Taalaibek243164
477 Matamoros Franco, Carlos S243166 21.62
478 Tolnai, Tibor243154 23.86
479 Gleizerov, Evgeny243162 25.36
480 Graf, Juergen243163 25.34
481 Wiedenkeller, Michael243156 25.56
482 Maksimovic, Branimir243158 32.95
483 Grivas, Efstratios243165 22.34
484 Hug, Werner243060 35.89
485 Levitt, Jonathan243053 25.16
486 Ricardi, Pablo243054 26.43
487 Horvath, Tamas243058 36.77
488 Sellos, Didier243069 31.45
489 Martinovic, Slobodan242961 43.02
490 Gallagher, Joseph G242954 24.24
491 Bielczyk, Jacek242959 35.44
492 Temirbaev, Serik242964
493 Gruenenwald, Joerg242967 23.16
494 Atlas, Valeri242869 20.29
495 Pein, Malcolm242858 27.96
496 Soltis, Andrew E242862 41.17
497 Vallifuoco, Giacomo242875 31.24
498 Saltaev, Mihail242761 25.70
499 Condie, Mark L242762 23.47
500 Szmetan, Jorge242756 38.18

These ratings, calculated as of July 31, 1988, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between August 1, 1987 and July 31, 1988, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of July 31, 1987. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of July 31, 1988. This represents the player's estimated strength on August 1, 1988.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on August 1, 1988. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on August 1, 1988 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on August 1, 1988. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on July 31, 1988. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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