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Top 10 active players as of July 31, 1989


Top 500 active players as of July 31, 1989

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28184855.1% #226.30
2 Karpov, Anatoly E28004834.5% #338.19
3 Timman, Jan H2723472.6% #1537.63
4 Short, Nigel D2702471.1% #2424.16
5 Ivanchuk, Vassily2701491.1% #2520.37
6 Beliavsky, Alexander G2697480.8% #2735.62
7 Salov, Valery B2693500.8% #3025.18
8 Korchnoi, Viktor L2687470.4% #3358.36
9 Hübner, Robert2675490.3% #4240.73
10 Gurevich, Mikhail N2675490.3% #4230.44
11 Ehlvest, Jaan2671480.2% #4526.80
12 Gelfand, Boris2670490.2% #4621.10
13 Speelman, Jonathan S2669480.2% #4632.83
14 Dolmatov, Sergey V2667490.2% #4730.45
15 Andersson, Ulf2667480.1% #4738.09
16 Dreev, Alexey2662500.1% #5320.53
17 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir2661480.1% #5238.74
18 Tal, Mikhail2659480.1% #5552.73
19 Agdestein, Simen2652510.1% #6222.21
20 Dautov, Rustem2651520.1% #6423.67
21 Jussupow, Artur M2650480.1% #6329.47
22 Nikolic, Predrag265048 #6328.89
23 Lputian, Smbat G2649480.1% #6331.46
24 Tukmakov, Vladimir B2649490.1% #6443.38
25 Yudasin, Leonid G2649500.1% #6529.97
26 Portisch, Lajos264848 #6452.32
27 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A2648510.1% #6729.37
28 Chernin, Alexander M264648 #6629.40
29 Polugaevsky, Lev A2646500.1% #6754.70
30 Vaganian, Rafael A264349 #6937.79
31 Ribli, Zoltán264148 #7137.90
32 Gavrikov, Victor N263649 #7732.01
33 Dvoiris, Semen I2634550.1% #8330.74
34 Gulko, Boris F263448 #7942.48
35 Khalifman, Alexander263249 #8223.54
36 Nunn, John D M263148 #8134.27
37 Dorfman, Iosif D262751 #8837.25
38 Vyzmanavin, Alexey262352 #9329.58
39 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y262153 #9532.53
40 Georgiev, Kiril262149 #9423.67
41 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E262052 #9739.47
42 Eingorn, Viacheslav S261849 #9732.68
43 Yurtaev, Leonid261853 #9930.25
44 Sokolov, Andrey Y261749 #9726.36
45 Ubilava, Elizbar E261752 #9938.92
46 Dokhoian, Yury261749 #9824.76
47 Psakhis, Lev B261647 #9730.67
48 Christiansen, Larry M261649 #9833.09
49 Timoshchenko, Gennady261650 #10140.26
50 Pigusov, Evgeny261451 #10228.33
51 Bareev, Evgeny261450 #10322.69
52 Smirin, Ilia261352 #10421.53
53 Sax, Gyula261248 #10338.12
54 Spassky, Boris V261148 #10552.50
55 Aseev, Konstantin N261053 #10928.78
56 Ivanov, Alexander V260954 #11033.25
57 Malaniuk, Vladimir P260948 #10732.03
58 Balashov, Yury S260849 #10840.38
59 Smyslov, Vassily V260751 #11168.35
60 Seirawan, Yasser260648 #10929.35
61 Romanishin, Oleg M260548 #11037.56
62 Hort, Vlastimil260549 #11245.55
63 Tiviakov, Sergei2603640.1% #12416.46
64 Razuvaev, Yury S260150 #11643.81
65 Anand, Viswanathan260050 #11819.64
66 Kharitonov, Andrey Y259850 #12030.32
67 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y259753 #12445.24
68 Shirov, Alexei259754 #12417.07
69 Oll, Lembit259650 #12123.27
70 Torre, Eugenio259650 #12237.74
71 Kruppa, Yuri259560 #13125.11
72 Kamsky, Gata259555 #12715.16
73 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N259351 #12643.29
74 Smagin, Sergey259249 #12530.90
75 Fedorowicz, John P259049 #12730.84
76 Hjartarson, Jóhann259048 #12726.48
77 Rozentalis, Eduardas258951 #13026.18
78 Kuzmin, Gennady P258955 #13343.53
79 deFirmian, Nicholas E258849 #13132.01
80 Krasenkow, Michal258852 #13325.71
81 Kveinys, Aloyzas258760 #13927.06
82 Kovalev, Andrei258756 #13627.73
83 Lerner, Konstantin Z258650 #13339.42
84 Epishin, Vladimir258453 #13724.05
85 van der Wiel, John T H258348 #13529.97
86 Yermolinsky, Alex V258352 #13931.30
87 Larsen, Bent258149 #13754.41
88 Pintér, József258051 #14035.73
89 Vaisser, Anatoli257950 #13940.40
90 Nogueiras, Jesus257948 #13930.04
91 Miles, Anthony J257948 #14034.27
92 Pétursson, Margeir257848 #14029.46
93 Sosonko, Gennadi257853 #14346.20
94 Taimanov, Mark E257661 #15063.48
95 Ftácnik, Lubomír257549 #14431.75
96 Goldin, Alexander257550 #14424.43
97 Vasiukov, Evgeny A257553 #14656.40
98 Gorelov, Sergey G257463 #15431.95
99 Podgaets, Mikhail Y257472 #15942.02
100 Ionov, Sergey257359 #15227.56
101 Spraggett, Kevin B257252 34.72
102 Naumkin, Igor257254 23.97
103 Hansen, Curt257249 24.87
104 Smejkal, Jan257150 43.36
105 Huzman, Alexander257051 27.31
106 Olafsson, Helgi257049 32.95
107 Karlsson, Lars257051 34.05
108 Makarichev, Sergey Y256957 35.70
109 Adorján, András256851 39.33
110 Benjamin, Joel L256749 25.39
111 Arkhipov, Sergey256757 35.11
112 Kholmov, Ratmir D256651 64.22
113 Chandler, Murray G256649 29.32
114 Neverov, Valery256554 25.11
115 Sorokin, Maxim256561 21.52
116 Lobron, Eric256549 29.23
117 Timoshenko, Georgy256458 23.16
118 Kudrin, Sergey256450 29.90
119 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V256450 44.85
120 Kupreichik, Viktor D256250 40.08
121 Geller, Efim P256150 64.41
122 Kavalek, Lubomir256059 45.97
123 Darga, Klaus V255968 55.44
124 Browne, Walter S255952 40.56
125 Hulak, Krunoslav255851 38.18
126 Sher, Miron N255858 37.09
127 Giorgadze, Giorgi255754 24.81
128 Didishko, Vereslav255773 40.31
129 Shabanov, Yury F255668 51.72
130 Zaichik, Gennady L255651 32.47
131 Adams, Michael255550 17.70
132 Panchenko, Alexander N255355 35.82
133 Bikhovsky, Avigdor I255367 34.40
134 Akopian, Vladimir255252 17.65
135 Greenfeld, Alon255152 25.29
136 Sokolov, Ivan255149 21.13
137 Popovic, Petar255149 30.46
138 Ulibin, Mikhail255052 18.17
139 Janjgava, Lasha255052 19.24
140 Todorcevic, Miodrag255051 48.72
141 Kindermann, Stefan255048 29.59
142 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B254949 34.70
143 Mestel, A Jonathan254955 32.38
144 Hellers, Ferdinand254850 20.51
145 Orlov, Georgi254762
146 Govedarica, Radovan254672 41.46
147 Chekhov, Valery A254650 33.68
148 Bönsch, Uwe254649 30.79
149 Karpman, Vadim254656 24.22
150 Quinteros, Miguel A254461 41.59
151 Lalic, Bogdan254451 25.40
152 Soppe, Guillermo254362 28.87
153 Kuzmin, Alexey254354 26.40
154 Van der Sterren, Paul254249 33.37
155 Novikov, Igor A254251 27.19
156 Najdorf, Miguel254163 79.29
157 Ivanovic, Božidar254151 42.93
158 Tseitlin, Mark D254063 45.86
159 Duer, Arne254066 30.06
160 Morovic Fernández, Iván E253953 26.35
161 Knaak, Rainer F253950 36.37
162 Dlugy, Maxim253949 23.51
163 Ruban, Vadim253853 25.13
164 Kramnik, Vladimir253863 14.10
165 Murey, Yakov253851 47.99
166 Gaprindashvili, Nona253762 48.24
167 Glek, Igor V253654 27.73
168 Kurajica, Bojan253667 41.71
169 Shneider, Aleksandr253659 27.19
170 Csom, István253650 49.16
171 Wilder, Michael253650 26.87
172 Rodriguez, Amador253549 32.90
173 Magerramov, Elmar S253454 31.31
174 Faragó, Iván253449 43.33
175 Savon, Vladimir A253354 48.85
176 Panno, Oscar R253352 54.37
177 Kengis, Edvins253357 30.30
178 Lanka, Zigurds253257 29.19
179 Yakovich, Yuri253257 26.67
180 Pfleger, Helmut253258 45.98
181 Uhlmann, Wolfgang253251 54.34
182 Kaidanov, Gregory S253151 29.80
183 Henley, Ron W253172 32.65
184 Zlotnik, Boris A253162 42.79
185 Gheorghiu, Florin253152 45.32
186 Mirkovic, Slobodan253170 31.01
187 Savchenko, Stanislav253055 22.53
188 Kovacevic, Vladimir252950 47.35
189 King, Daniel J252949 25.92
190 Mokrý, Karel252951 30.48
191 Bass, Leonid252862 32.17
192 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A252869 50.65
193 Suba, Mihai252851 42.16
194 Adianto, Utut252760 24.37
195 Rogers, Ian252749 29.10
196 Moskalenko, Viktor252754 28.66
197 Kiselev, Sergey252759 27.88
198 Kochiev, Alexander252752 33.35
199 Donchev, Dimitar I252654 31.03
200 Gofshtein, Leonid D252666 36.28
201 Kalinitschew, Sergey252560 33.49
202 Bjelajac, Milan252568 41.38
203 Serper, Grigory252554 19.88
204 Georgadze, Tamaz V252562 41.73
205 Wahls, Matthias252550 21.51
206 Barua, Dibyendu252454 22.76
207 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich252452 33.56
208 Liberzon, Vladimir M252370 52.36
209 Mochalov, Evgeny V252371 37.76
210 Velimirovic, Dragoljub252251 47.22
211 Groszpeter, Attila252250 29.14
212 Gipslis, Aivars252258 52.48
213 Horvath, Jozsef252250 24.96
214 Nikolac, Juraj252258 57.27
215 Piskov, Yury252156 27.80
216 Lukin, Andrei M252156 40.92
217 Bagirov, Vladimir K252052 52.95
218 Ninov, Kiril252053 20.81
219 Cámpora, Daniel H252049 32.09
220 Cvitan, Ognjen252050 27.81
221 Schussler, Harry252053 32.10
222 Milos, Gilberto251953 25.75
223 Cebalo, Mišo251950 44.48
224 Zapata, Alonso251851 30.94
225 Zagrebelny, Sergey251859
226 Basin, Leonid251854 31.69
227 Arnason, Jon L251849 28.72
228 Hodgson, Julian M251848 26.02
229 Sherbakov, Vitaly S251767 34.12
230 Antunes, Antonio251756 27.48
231 Barlov, Dragan251750 32.50
232 Piket, Jeroen251549 20.51
233 Anastasian, Ashot251554 25.04
234 Khenkin, Igor251460 21.36
235 Inkiov, Ventzislav251451 33.20
236 Byrne, Robert E251363 61.28
237 Alburt, Lev O251352 43.94
238 Gligoric, Svetozar251353 66.49
239 Baburin, Alexander251262 22.45
240 Marjanovic, Slavoljub251250 34.57
241 Gufeld, Eduard E251254 53.37
242 Rohde, Michael A251252 29.92
243 Polgar, Zsuzsa251250 20.28
244 Gruenfeld, Yehuda251254 33.42
245 Ivanov, Igor V251254 42.56
246 Xu Jun251156 26.87
247 Damljanovic, Branko251049 28.12
248 London, Dimitri251064 26.69
249 Bischoff, Klaus251049 28.14
250 Wedberg, Tom251050 35.68
251 Bronstein, David I251056 65.45
252 Veingold, Aleksander251067 35.81
253 Vitolinš, Alvis250967 43.13
254 Simic, Radoslav250956 41.14
255 Watson, William N250948 27.29
256 Graf, Alexander250958 26.93
257 Frias, Victor J250855 33.47
258 Petrienko, Vladimir250868 34.39
259 Yrjola, Jouni250751 29.77
260 Espig, Lutz250753 40.57
261 Lukacs, Peter250749 39.06
262 Plaskett, Jim250652 29.37
263 Barbero, Gerardo F250552 27.94
264 Lein, Anatoly250554 58.34
265 Stoica, Valentin250567 39.46
266 Seret, Jean Luc250462
267 Wolff, Patrick G250352 21.46
268 Kantsler, Boris250363 27.29
269 Hebden, Mark250351 31.46
270 Tischbierek, Raj250352 26.85
271 Nijboer, Friso250354 24.18
272 Chiburdanidze, Maia G250251 28.54
273 Unzicker, Wolfgang250157 64.10
274 Belov, Igor250163
275 McKay, Roderick M250168 37.47
276 Jansa, Vlastimil250051 46.68
277 Sellos, Didier250060 32.45
278 Petrosian, Arshak B250052 35.62
279 García Gonzáles, Guillermo250052 35.64
280 Andrianov, Nikolai250068 27.61
281 Palatnik, Semen A250055 39.35
282 Guseinov, Aidyn249957 37.58
283 Ye Jiangchuan249960 28.70
284 Franco Ocampos, Zenon249955 33.22
285 Dizdar, Goran249851 30.66
286 Reyes, Juan249861 26.26
287 Renet, Olivier249850 24.61
288 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel249851 23.66
289 Zhuravliov, Valerij249863 50.64
290 Sahovic, Dragutin249762 48.97
291 Kishnev, Sergey249763 32.75
292 Rivas Pastor, Manuel249654 29.05
293 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes249557 46.07
294 Hickl, Joerg249550 24.29
295 Mortensen, Erling249452 34.32
296 Malisauskas, Vidmantas249455 25.98
297 Sideif Sade, Fikret I249460 37.58
298 Kožul, Zdenko249350 23.19
299 Kotronias, Vasilios249350 24.93
300 Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander249354 26.54
301 Ivkov, Borislav249354 55.72
302 Sznapik, Aleksander249251 38.47
303 Womacka, Mathias249266 23.10
304 Garcia Palermo, Carlos249152 35.66
305 Loginov, Valery A249157 33.63
306 Gutman, Lev249050 43.85
307 Vogt, Lothar H249050 37.54
308 Foisor, Ovidiu249055 30.32
309 Efimov, Igor249062 28.87
310 Ye Rongguang248963 25.83
311 Ostermeyer, Peter248961 45.80
312 Yuferov, Sergey N248967 43.66
313 Popchev, Milko248951 24.72
314 Lau, Ralf248849 29.78
315 Tisdall, Jonathan D248851 30.92
316 Flear, Glenn C248850 30.47
317 Lukov, Valentin248754 33.64
318 Gomez Baillo, Jorge H248757 30.28
319 Kouatly, Bachar248751 31.41
320 Norwood, David248654 20.83
321 Filipenko, Alexander V248673 40.41
322 Drasko, Milan248549 26.65
323 Reshevsky, Samuel H248561 77.68
324 Matulovic, Milan248458 54.14
325 Moroz, Alexander248462 28.54
326 Kraidman, Yair248465 56.75
327 Machulsky, Anatoly D248359 32.85
328 Ionescu, Constantin248355 30.88
329 Marin, Mihail248354 24.28
330 Stohl, Igor248351 24.84
331 Meduna, Eduard248251 38.89
332 Motwani, Paul248255 27.13
333 Akhmilovskaya, Elena248163
334 Padevsky, Nikola B248161 56.17
335 Titov, German248058 26.26
336 Malevinsky, Alexander A248068 39.43
337 Kozlov, V.248062
338 Vera, Reynaldo248054 28.56
339 Hazai, Laszlo248052 36.13
340 Rogulj, Branko248064 37.99
341 Kosten, Anthony C248049 31.02
342 Palac, Mladen247964 18.45
343 Ornstein, Axel247961 37.27
344 Hansen, Lars Bo247850 20.85
345 Mascarinas, Rico247857 36.41
346 Minasian, Artashes247863 22.53
347 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E247851 22.43
348 Pytel, Krzysztof247769 44.21
349 Pekarek, Ales247752 27.62
350 Rukavina, Josip247762 46.67
351 Lombardy, William J247774 51.66
352 Tolnai, Tibor247750 24.86
353 Brooks, Michael A247761 28.29
354 Martinovic, Slobodan247757 44.02
355 Tseitlin, Mikhail S247653 42.12
356 Sunye Neto, Jaime247657 32.24
357 Lin Ta247663 26.50
358 Skembris, Spyridon247653 31.44
359 Ree, Hans247658 44.88
360 Georgiev, Krum247553 31.19
361 Dzuban, Oleg I247565
362 Ioseliani, Nana247556 27.47
363 Mohr, Stefan247550 21.77
364 Braga, Fernando247557 31.06
365 Ermenkov, Evgenij247453 39.84
366 Reefschlaeger, Helmut247458 45.31
367 Levitt, Jonathan247350 26.16
368 Velikov, Petar247352 38.34
369 Klinger, Josef247350 22.15
370 Rubinetti, Jorge A247257 44.33
371 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel247158 40.02
372 Tringov, Georgy P247158 52.40
373 Fokin, Sergey247172 33.80
374 Petkevich, Jusefs247166 48.62
375 Haba, Petr247154 24.57
376 Brunner, Lucas247050 22.17
377 Shabalov, Alexander247052 21.88
378 Davies, Nigel R247050 28.99
379 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz246950 46.31
380 Abramovic, Boško246850 38.46
381 Zilberstein, Valery I246866 46.30
382 Gurevich, Dmitry246851 32.89
383 Murshed, Niaz246756 23.22
384 Řgaard, Leif246772 37.57
385 Vukic, Milan246758 45.94
386 Mainka, Romuald246554 26.21
387 Hecht, Hans-Joachim246565 50.51
388 Varavin, Viktor246565 22.19
389 Gleizerov, Evgeny246565 26.36
390 Li Zunian246575 31.56
391 Temirbaev, Serik246560
392 Sadler, Matthew246558 15.21
393 Okhotnik, Vladimir246456 39.42
394 Fernandez Garcia, Jose Luis246459 35.24
395 Tunik, Gennady246462 36.18
396 Kogan, Boris246364
397 Kallai, Gabor246357 30.44
398 Barbulescu, Dan246365 25.11
399 Vallifuoco, Giacomo246368 32.24
400 Valkesalmi, Kimmo246255 28.25
401 Kuijf, Marinus246253 29.47
402 Mednis, Edmar J246254 52.36
403 Komarov, Dimitri246258 20.66
404 Piasetski, Leon David246268
405 Kosic, Dragan246258 19.46
406 Szabó, László246173 72.37
407 Tempone, Marcelo246162 26.90
408 Vilela, Jose Luis246056 36.37
409 Zlochevskij, Alexander245970 26.10
410 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I245962 55.72
411 Szekely, Peter245956 34.48
412 Orso, Miklos245962 33.15
413 Arkell, Keith C245952 28.56
414 Ambroz, Jan245868 35.12
415 Ernst, Thomas245850 28.95
416 Arbakov, Valentin245865 37.51
417 Plachetka, Jan245850 44.45
418 Djuric, Stefan245850 34.01
419 Veinger, Itzhak245867 51.07
420 Dueball, Juergen245768 44.34
421 Hertneck, Gerald245753 25.87
422 Armas, Julius245758 34.26
423 Rajkovic, Dusan245753 47.12
424 Hoi, Carsten245750 32.54
425 Ryskin, Alexander245675 26.55
426 Ekstroem, Roland245656 33.19
427 Pribyl, Josef245653 41.80
428 Filipovic, Branko245656 31.82
429 Avshalumov, Alex245657 25.41
430 Matamoros Franco, Carlos S245663 22.62
431 Rachels, Stuart245663 19.85
432 Karolyi, Tibor Jr245651 27.71
433 Blatny, Pavel245550 21.11
434 Wirthensohn, Heinz245556 38.24
435 Staniszewski, Piotr245554 22.91
436 Vokác, Marek245452 30.65
437 Djurhuus, Rune245456 19.52
438 Graf, Juergen245459 26.34
439 Negulescu, Adrian245464 28.14
440 Conquest, Stuart245349 22.41
441 Kapengut, Albert Z245370 45.07
442 Cramling, Pia245253 26.27
443 Saltaev, Mihail245262 26.70
444 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur245269 41.85
445 Lechtynsky, Jiri245253 41.68
446 Knezevic, Milorad245256 52.75
447 Lagunow, Alexander245273 22.05
448 Neckar, Lubomir245171 38.99
449 Ilincic, Zlatko245153 21.22
450 Gallagher, Joseph G245152 25.24
451 Kuczynski, Robert245151 23.29
452 Popov, Luben245162 53.51
453 Legky, Nikolay A245162 34.30
454 Gruenenwald, Joerg245161 24.16
455 Semeniuk, Alexander A245065 36.89
456 Lalev, Dimitar245070 29.54
457 Dizdarevic, Emir245052 31.33
458 Cramling, Dan245068 30.49
459 Cabrilo, Goran245052 31.08
460 Semkov, Semko245054 29.42
461 Thorhallsson, Throstur244858 20.37
462 Rytshagov, Mikhail244862 21.72
463 Nun, Jiri244754 32.01
464 Verduga, Denis Homero244758
465 Schneider, Bernd244765 24.31
466 Rausis, Igors244765 28.31
467 Martin del Campo, Roberto244756
468 Lutz, Christopher244756 18.44
469 Rechlis, Gad244755 22.49
470 Kovacevic, Predrag244673 28.90
471 McDonald, Neil R244656 22.53
472 Brestian, Egon244658 25.01
473 Sendera, Jaroslaw244673 24.26
474 Marangunic, Srdjan244566 45.75
475 Strikovic, Aleksa244554 28.22
476 Ardiansyah, Haji244565 37.65
477 Leski, Marc244573 28.10
478 Schmittdiel, Eckhard244551 29.22
479 Schneider, Lars Ake244459
480 Lima, Darcy244459 27.19
481 Bilek, István244460 56.96
482 Hawelko, Marek244452 29.97
483 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto244453 31.61
484 Djukic, Zeljko244470 30.13
485 Zelcic, Robert244373 23.86
486 Wolf, Volker244362 31.90
487 Atalik, Suat244367 24.81
488 Makarov, Marat244363 26.23
489 Nikolic, Zivoslav244253 35.63
490 Prandstetter, Eduard244253 40.63
491 Brynell, Stellan244156 26.84
492 Solozhenkin, Evgeniy244168 22.99
493 Shamkovich, Leonid A244157 66.16
494 Seredenko, Vladimir244167 49.21
495 Horvath, Tamas244157 37.77
496 Hug, Werner244159 36.89
497 Yuneev, Alexey244068
498 Casper, Thomas244058 30.37
499 Renman, Nils Gustaf244061
500 Raicevic, Momcilo244060

These ratings, calculated as of July 31, 1989, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between August 1, 1988 and July 31, 1989, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of July 31, 1988. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of July 31, 1989. This represents the player's estimated strength on August 1, 1989.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on August 1, 1989. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on August 1, 1989 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on August 1, 1989. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on July 31, 1989. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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