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Top 10 active players as of July 31, 1990


Top 500 active players as of July 31, 1990

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28504875.8% #127.30
2 Karpov, Anatoly E27924817.1% #439.19
3 Gelfand, Boris2727491.8% #1522.10
4 Ivanchuk, Vassily2727491.7% #1521.37
5 Timman, Jan H2710480.8% #2238.63
6 Salov, Valery B2697500.5% #2926.18
7 Gurevich, Mikhail N2691480.3% #3231.44
8 Korchnoi, Viktor L2689470.2% #3259.36
9 Yudasin, Leonid G2681500.2% #4030.97
10 Beliavsky, Alexander G2680480.2% #3936.62
11 Short, Nigel D2680470.1% #3925.16
12 Khalifman, Alexander2675490.1% #4324.54
13 Ehlvest, Jaan2672480.1% #4527.80
14 Andersson, Ulf2668480.1% #4839.09
15 Dolmatov, Sergey V2666480.1% #5031.45
16 Bareev, Evgeny2665490.1% #5223.69
17 Seirawan, Yasser266248 #5330.35
18 Lputian, Smbat G266149 #5532.46
19 Speelman, Jonathan S266048 #5533.83
20 Jussupow, Artur M265748 #5830.47
21 Tiviakov, Sergei2654560.1% #6617.46
22 Dreev, Alexey265248 #6221.53
23 Nunn, John D M265148 #6335.27
24 Gavrikov, Victor N2650500.1% #6533.01
25 Dautov, Rustem264652 #7124.67
26 Ribli, Zoltán264549 #7038.90
27 Polugaevsky, Lev A264449 #7155.70
28 Chernin, Alexander M264448 #7030.40
29 Portisch, Lajos264448 #7053.32
30 Hübner, Robert264349 #7241.73
31 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir264148 #7439.74
32 Nikolic, Predrag264148 #7429.89
33 Aseev, Konstantin N263251 #8529.78
34 Vaganian, Rafael A263148 #8338.79
35 Tal, Mikhail263148 #8453.73
36 Sax, Gyula263048 #8439.12
37 Agdestein, Simen263051 #8623.21
38 Anand, Viswanathan262749 #8920.64
39 Razuvaev, Yury S262750 #9044.81
40 Yurtaev, Leonid262652 #9231.25
41 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y262551 #9346.24
42 Epishin, Vladimir262450 #9325.05
43 Miles, Anthony J262448 #9235.27
44 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A262349 #9330.37
45 Georgiev, Kiril262248 #9424.67
46 Balashov, Yury S262248 #9441.38
47 Shirov, Alexei262050 #9618.07
48 Smirin, Ilia261949 #9822.53
49 Vyzmanavin, Alexey261851 #10130.58
50 Dorfman, Iosif D261750 #10138.25
51 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y261751 #10233.53
52 Christiansen, Larry M261750 #10134.09
53 Kramnik, Vladimir261461 #11315.10
54 Dvoiris, Semen I261450 #10531.74
55 Kamsky, Gata261351 #10616.16
56 Eingorn, Viacheslav S261349 #10533.68
57 Gulko, Boris F261348 #10443.48
58 Sokolov, Andrey Y261249 #10627.36
59 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E261052 #11140.47
60 Oll, Lembit260949 #11124.27
61 Panchenko, Alexandar G2606710.1% #13029.31
62 Kruppa, Yuri260555 #11826.11
63 Rozentalis, Eduardas260550 #11527.18
64 Hjartarson, Jóhann260448 #11527.48
65 Romanishin, Oleg M260348 #11738.56
66 Tukmakov, Vladimir B259948 #12144.38
67 deFirmian, Nicholas E259848 #12333.01
68 Novikov, Igor A259850 #12428.19
69 Dokhoian, Yury259850 #12425.76
70 Hort, Vlastimil259649 #12546.55
71 Yermolinsky, Alex V259655 #12932.30
72 Pigusov, Evgeny259552 #12829.33
73 Kovalev, Andrei259556 #13128.73
74 Makarichev, Sergey Y259152 #13236.70
75 Neverov, Valery258751 #13726.11
76 Fedorowicz, John P258649 #13631.84
77 Adams, Michael258648 #13618.70
78 Psakhis, Lev B258548 #13631.67
79 Goldin, Alexander258550 #13725.43
80 Olafsson, Helgi258550 #13733.95
81 Kharitonov, Andrey Y258551 #13931.32
82 Smyslov, Vassily V258550 #13769.35
83 Pintér, József258553 #14036.73
84 Timoshchenko, Gennady258551 #13941.26
85 Kuzmin, Gennady P258553 #14044.53
86 Hansen, Curt258449 #13825.87
87 Spassky, Boris V258449 #13853.50
88 Lerner, Konstantin Z258450 #13840.42
89 Malaniuk, Vladimir P258348 #13833.03
90 Smagin, Sergey258049 #14231.90
91 Benjamin, Joel L258048 #14126.39
92 Chandler, Murray G258048 #14230.32
93 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N257952 #14544.29
94 Yakovich, Yuri257952 #14527.67
95 Todorcevic, Miodrag257950 #14449.72
96 Quinteros, Miguel A257859 #15142.59
97 Glek, Igor V257853 #14728.73
98 Averkin, Orest N257773 #16046.43
99 Pétursson, Margeir257648 #14630.46
100 Taimanov, Mark E257558 #15364.48
101 Kurajica, Bojan257560 42.71
102 Ulibin, Mikhail257451 19.17
103 Ftácnik, Lubomír257348 32.75
104 Kengis, Edvins257352 31.30
105 Sturua, Zurab257266 31.15
106 Ionov, Sergey257264 28.56
107 Nogueiras, Jesus257250 31.04
108 Khenkin, Igor257152 22.36
109 Panchenko, Alexander N257053 36.82
110 Giorgadze, Giorgi256953 25.81
111 van der Wiel, John T H256947 30.97
112 Dlugy, Maxim256849 24.51
113 Smejkal, Jan256750 44.36
114 Geller, Efim P256751 65.41
115 Akopian, Vladimir256750 18.65
116 Chekhov, Valery A256650 34.68
117 Hodgson, Julian M256648 27.02
118 Torre, Eugenio256552 38.74
119 Larsen, Bent256550 55.41
120 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V256451 45.85
121 Sosonko, Gennadi256454 47.20
122 Vaulin, Alexander256465 33.37
123 Vasiukov, Evgeny A256350 57.40
124 Donchev, Dimitar I256256 32.03
125 Spraggett, Kevin B256249 35.72
126 Kholmov, Ratmir D256051 65.22
127 Mestel, A Jonathan256055 33.38
128 Shabanov, Yury F255963 52.72
129 Arnason, Jon L255950 29.72
130 Soppe, Guillermo255962 29.87
131 Kuzmin, Alexey255954 27.40
132 Morovic Fernández, Iván E255855 27.35
133 Naumkin, Igor255852 24.97
134 Krasenkow, Michal255751 26.71
135 Huzman, Alexander255654 28.31
136 Cvitan, Ognjen255650 28.81
137 Popovic, Petar255649 31.46
138 Shneider, Aleksandr255556 28.19
139 Velimirovic, Dragoljub255551 48.22
140 Wahls, Matthias255449 22.51
141 Hulak, Krunoslav255450 39.18
142 Suba, Mihai255451 43.16
143 Arkhipov, Sergey255457 36.11
144 Gorelov, Sergey G255363 32.95
145 Ivanov, Alexander V255351 34.25
146 Vaisser, Anatoli255250 41.40
147 Magerramov, Elmar S255152 32.31
148 Janjgava, Lasha255153 20.24
149 Kindermann, Stefan255148 30.59
150 Damljanovic, Branko255048 29.12
151 Browne, Walter S254850 41.56
152 Kavalek, Lubomir254864 46.97
153 Tischbierek, Raj254852 27.85
154 Ubilava, Elizbar E254751 39.92
155 Kveinys, Aloyzas254756 28.06
156 Kaidanov, Gregory S254651 30.80
157 Rohde, Michael A254552 30.92
158 King, Daniel J254548 26.92
159 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B254550 35.70
160 Kudrin, Sergey254450 30.90
161 Bikhovsky, Avigdor I254458 35.40
162 Uhlmann, Wolfgang254451 55.34
163 Anikaev, Yury254469 42.09
164 Najdorf, Miguel254371 80.29
165 Sokolov, Ivan254350 22.13
166 Milos, Gilberto254253 26.75
167 Minasian, Artashes254254 23.53
168 Lanka, Zigurds254155 30.19
169 Hellers, Ferdinand254149 21.51
170 Lalic, Bogdan254150 26.40
171 Petrienko, Vladimir254063 35.39
172 Orlov, Georgi254056
173 Cebalo, Mišo254050 45.48
174 Ziatdinov, Raset254060 31.59
175 Ye Jiangchuan253959 29.70
176 Zhuravliov, Valerij253862 51.64
177 Ivanovic, Božidar253850 43.93
178 Gheorghiu, Florin253852 46.32
179 Zapata, Alonso253850 31.94
180 Wilder, Michael253853 27.87
181 Rogers, Ian253749 30.10
182 Kožul, Zdenko253749 24.19
183 Sorokin, Maxim253753 22.52
184 Kuporosov, Viktor253659 28.85
185 Adorján, András253650 40.33
186 Lautier, Joel253649 17.30
187 Zagrebelny, Sergey253663
188 Lobron, Eric253549 30.23
189 Khmelnitsky, Igor N253561 21.94
190 Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander253549 27.54
191 Knaak, Rainer F253551 37.37
192 Rodriguez, Amador253450 33.90
193 Serper, Grigory253354 20.88
194 Ruban, Vadim253353 26.13
195 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A253373 51.65
196 Karpman, Vadim253355 25.22
197 Shabalov, Alexander253352 22.88
198 Mokrý, Karel253351 31.48
199 Kochiev, Alexander253252 34.35
200 Malisauskas, Vidmantas253256 26.98
201 Wolff, Patrick G253250 22.46
202 Tseitlin, Mark D253261 46.86
203 Chiburdanidze, Maia G253151 29.54
204 Gofshtein, Leonid D253173 37.28
205 Zlotnik, Boris A253064 43.79
206 Georgadze, Tamaz V253064 42.73
207 Duer, Arne252964 31.06
208 Rachels, Stuart252955 20.85
209 Barua, Dibyendu252858 23.76
210 Horvath, Jozsef252849 25.96
211 Palac, Mladen252754 19.45
212 Kalinitschew, Sergey252665 34.49
213 Greenfeld, Alon252653 26.29
214 Darga, Klaus V252664 56.44
215 Sher, Miron N252554 38.09
216 Chudinovskih, Alexander252570 23.39
217 Machulsky, Anatoly D252558 33.85
218 Rechlis, Gad252553 23.49
219 Vitolinš, Alvis252458 44.13
220 Frolov, Artur252457 20.00
221 Veingold, Aleksander252364 36.81
222 Bönsch, Uwe252250 31.79
223 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel252250 24.66
224 Marin, Mihail252253 25.28
225 Ye Rongguang252156 26.83
226 Brodsky, Michail252160 21.34
227 Bagirov, Vladimir K252152 53.95
228 Frias, Victor J252056 34.47
229 Alburt, Lev O252052 44.94
230 Pfleger, Helmut251957 46.98
231 Groszpeter, Attila251950 30.14
232 Savchenko, Stanislav251855 23.53
233 Petrosian, Arshak B251850 36.62
234 Moskalenko, Viktor251851 29.66
235 Piket, Jeroen251848 21.51
236 Hebden, Mark251850 32.46
237 Csom, István251850 50.16
238 Karlsson, Lars251752 35.05
239 Bischoff, Klaus251749 29.14
240 Watson, William N251749 28.29
241 Stohl, Igor251749 25.84
242 Magomedov, Magaram251755 24.20
243 Barbero, Gerardo F251652 28.94
244 Dizdar, Goran251651 31.66
245 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V251666 42.95
246 Franco Ocampos, Zenon251653 34.22
247 Kovacevic, Vladimir251651 48.35
248 Espig, Lutz251555 41.57
249 Arbakov, Valentin251557 38.51
250 Cid, Marino Alejandro251570 32.13
251 Vera, Reynaldo251453 29.56
252 Simic, Radoslav251456 42.14
253 Baburin, Alexander251463 23.45
254 Plaskett, Jim251452 30.37
255 Mochalov, Evgeny V251470 38.76
256 Gufeld, Eduard E251456 54.37
257 Henley, Ron W251467 33.65
258 Faragó, Iván251349 44.33
259 Gaprindashvili, Nona251256 49.24
260 London, Dimitri251273 27.69
261 Gruenfeld, Yehuda251253 34.42
262 Polgar, Zsuzsa251249 21.28
263 Gipslis, Aivars251161 53.48
264 Anastasian, Ashot251153 26.04
265 Unzicker, Wolfgang251156 65.10
266 Adianto, Utut251165 25.37
267 Belov, Igor251157
268 Cámpora, Daniel H251150 33.09
269 Timoshenko, Georgy251051 24.16
270 Meshkov, Yuri A251072 40.54
271 Kishnev, Sergey251062 33.75
272 Hansen, Lars Bo250949 21.85
273 Basin, Leonid250958 32.69
274 Renet, Olivier250850 25.61
275 Sherbakov, Ruslan250758 20.88
276 Andrianov, Nikolai250763 28.61
277 Yuneev, Alexey250755
278 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich250650 34.56
279 Ivanov, Igor V250652 43.56
280 Matulovic, Milan250557 55.14
281 Georgiev, Krum250451 32.19
282 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes250354 47.07
283 Hertneck, Gerald250353 26.87
284 Kosten, Anthony C250349 32.02
285 Kiselev, Sergey250254 28.88
286 Lukin, Andrei M250254 41.92
287 Savon, Vladimir A250153 49.85
288 Nikolac, Juraj250160 58.27
289 Loginov, Valery A250158 34.63
290 Zhidkov, Valery S250158 50.91
291 Guseinov, Aidyn250162 38.58
292 Liberzon, Vladimir M250059 53.36
293 Graf, Alexander250061 27.93
294 Petkevich, Jusefs250065 49.62
295 Reyes, Juan250066 27.26
296 Hickl, Joerg249950 25.29
297 Tseitlin, Mikhail S249951 43.12
298 Kupreichik, Viktor D249850 41.08
299 Bass, Leonid249859 33.17
300 Panno, Oscar R249853 55.37
301 Vogt, Lothar H249851 38.54
302 Yrjola, Jouni249752 30.77
303 Vukic, Milan249755 46.94
304 Ivkov, Borislav249754 56.72
305 Palatnik, Semen A249754 40.35
306 Inkiov, Ventzislav249650 34.20
307 Lau, Ralf249651 30.78
308 Kallai, Gabor249654 31.44
309 Piskov, Yury249655 28.80
310 Gligoric, Svetozar249653 67.49
311 Meduna, Eduard249650 39.89
312 Van der Sterren, Paul249549 34.37
313 Kosic, Dragan249557 20.46
314 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel249459 41.02
315 Xu Jun249459 27.87
316 Lin Ta249358 27.50
317 Djuric, Stefan249351 35.01
318 Mednis, Edmar J249353 53.36
319 Gurevich, Vladimir249260 30.98
320 Cramling, Pia249250 27.27
321 García Gonzáles, Guillermo249253 36.64
322 Klinger, Josef249250 23.15
323 Kotronias, Vasilios249252 25.93
324 Marjanovic, Slavoljub249152 35.57
325 Bronstein, David I249153 66.45
326 Ionescu, Constantin249154 31.88
327 Tolnai, Tibor249049 25.86
328 Mortensen, Erling249051 35.32
329 Filipenko, Alexander V248966 41.41
330 Sideif Sade, Fikret I248965 38.58
331 Popchev, Milko248954 25.72
332 Sellos, Didier248966 33.45
333 Fernandez Garcia, Jose Luis248955 36.24
334 Rausis, Igors248856 29.31
335 Hazai, Laszlo248856 37.13
336 Govedarica, Radovan248869 42.46
337 Zaichik, Gennady L248751 33.47
338 Gleizerov, Evgeny248762 27.36
339 Komarov, Dimitri248763 21.66
340 Foisor, Ovidiu248658 31.32
341 Barlov, Dragan248650 33.50
342 Schoenthier, Frank248676 31.70
343 Antunes, Antonio248553 28.48
344 Ree, Hans248553 45.88
345 Makarov, Marat248555 27.23
346 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E248452 23.43
347 Mainka, Romuald248351 27.21
348 Schmittdiel, Eckhard248350 30.22
349 Ernst, Thomas248250 29.95
350 Rubinetti, Jorge A248259 45.33
351 Schussler, Harry248151 33.10
352 Tunik, Gennady248157 37.18
353 Abramovic, Boško248151 39.46
354 Blatny, Pavel248050 22.11
355 Strikovic, Aleksa248053 29.22
356 Davies, Nigel R247949 29.99
357 Lukacs, Peter247850 40.06
358 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz247849 47.31
359 Kantsler, Boris247855 28.29
360 Sunye Neto, Jaime247852 33.24
361 Brunner, Lucas247848 23.17
362 Drasko, Milan247851 27.65
363 Dzuban, Oleg I247773
364 Jansa, Vlastimil247751 47.68
365 Pekarek, Ales247753 28.62
366 Cabrilo, Goran247751 32.08
367 Flear, Glenn C247749 31.47
368 Murey, Yakov247652 48.99
369 Brenninkmeijer, Joris247651 20.88
370 Ninov, Kiril247554 21.81
371 Vehi Bach, Victor Manuel247560
372 Kouatly, Bachar247554 32.41
373 Mirkovic, Slobodan247566 32.01
374 Kozlov, V.247570
375 Tabatadze, Tamaz247468 22.34
376 Thorsteins, Karl247453 25.80
377 Varavin, Viktor247466 23.19
378 Tringov, Georgy P247458 53.40
379 Nemet, Ivan247455 47.30
380 Dizdarevic, Emir247352 32.33
381 Kraidman, Yair247363 57.75
382 Ornstein, Axel247366 38.27
383 Novik, Maxim247369 26.64
384 Meister, Peter247357 24.10
385 Lein, Anatoly247353 59.34
386 Rivas Pastor, Manuel247355 30.05
387 Moroz, Alexander247357 29.54
388 Wang Zili247360 22.13
389 Meister, Yakov247258 34.89
390 Norwood, David247253 21.83
391 Dimitrov, Vladimir247156 22.30
392 Sahovic, Dragutin247162 49.97
393 Root, Douglas247068 27.47
394 Dueball, Juergen247072 45.34
395 Reeh, Oliver247053 26.53
396 Szekely, Peter246953 35.48
397 Nikolenko, Oleg246963 31.12
398 Saltaev, Mihail246866 27.70
399 Ekstroem, Roland246858 34.19
400 Wedberg, Tom246850 36.68
401 Bruk, Ofer246856 22.55
402 Reshevsky, Samuel H246762 78.68
403 Skembris, Spyridon246751 32.44
404 Moiseev, Viktor246773 31.22
405 Prandstetter, Eduard246753 41.63
406 Ermenkov, Evgenij246653 40.84
407 Brooks, Michael A246658 29.29
408 Kirov Ivanov, Nino246652 44.89
409 Lendwai, Reinhard246660 23.80
410 Kogan, Boris246572
411 Averbakh, Yury L246569 68.48
412 Barbulescu, Dan246574 26.11
413 Gutman, Lev246551 44.85
414 Djurhuus, Rune246554 20.52
415 Polgar, Judit246451 14.02
416 Castro Rojas, Oscar Humberto246466 37.23
417 Titov, German246462 27.26
418 Mukhametov, Eldar246466 21.19
419 Rajkovic, Dusan246452 48.12
420 Lutz, Christopher246353 19.44
421 Byrne, Robert E246356 62.28
422 Zilberstein, Valery I246371 47.30
423 Vilela, Jose Luis246262 37.37
424 Rukavina, Josip246263 47.67
425 Miralles, Gilles246249 24.48
426 Trapl, Jindrich246270 48.35
427 Winants, Luc246252 27.58
428 Kharlov, Andrei246167 21.70
429 Neckar, Lubomir246172 39.99
430 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I246061 56.72
431 Kuczynski, Robert246049 24.29
432 Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav246063 24.38
433 Pribyl, Josef246053 42.80
434 Sakaev, Konstantin246064 16.30
435 Tempone, Marcelo246057 27.90
436 Fiorito, Fabian245957 20.74
437 Haba, Petr245951 25.57
438 Zhelnin, Vladimir V245961 43.38
439 Filipovic, Branko245957 32.82
440 Stanojevic, Branko245972 47.58
441 Kozlov, Vladimir N245962 40.17
442 Knezevic, Milorad245856 53.75
443 Matamoros Franco, Carlos S245871 23.62
444 Fokin, Sergey245864 34.80
445 Lukov, Valentin245854 34.64
446 Horváth, Csaba245751 22.15
447 Bellon Lopez, Juan Manuel245752 40.23
448 Schneider, Bernd245768 25.31
449 Akhmilovskaya, Elena245764
450 Temirbaev, Serik245665
451 Finegold, Benjamin245653 20.90
452 Negulescu, Adrian245667 29.14
453 Murshed, Niaz245656 24.22
454 Kolev, Atanas245654 23.04
455 Arencibia, Walter245651 23.03
456 Pytel, Krzysztof245659 45.21
457 Mascarinas, Rico245554 37.41
458 Staniszewski, Piotr245559 23.91
459 Gomez Baillo, Jorge H245556 31.28
460 Lima, Darcy245565 28.19
461 Casper, Thomas245563 31.37
462 Pichler, Juergen245558 29.16
463 Padevsky, Nikola B245562 57.17
464 Stangl, Markus245451 21.26
465 Orso, Miklos245465 34.15
466 Schulte, Oliver245470 21.61
467 Nijboer, Friso245451 25.18
468 Beshukov, Sergei245471 19.33
469 Zelcic, Robert245468 24.86
470 Hector, Jonny245449 26.47
471 Gonzalez, JA.245373
472 Kovacevic, Predrag245368 29.90
473 Spasov, Vasil245354 19.45
474 Howell, James C245351 23.20
475 Braga, Fernando245355 32.06
476 Hausner, Ivan245253 38.29
477 Gallagher, Joseph G245249 26.24
478 Moldobaev, Emelbek245260
479 Thorhallsson, Throstur245256 21.37
480 Yuferov, Sergey N245262 44.66
481 Khasin, Alexander245260 39.26
482 Romero Holmes, Alfonso245253 25.17
483 Armas, Julius245157 35.26
484 Sadler, Matthew245160 16.21
485 Ostenstad, Berge245051 25.87
486 Levitt, Jonathan245050 27.16
487 Efimov, Igor245061 29.87
488 Fominyh, Alexander245066 31.13
489 Schlosser, Philipp245051 21.94
490 Womacka, Mathias245068 24.10
491 Okhotnik, Vladimir245058 40.42
492 Conquest, Stuart244949 23.41
493 Cramling, Dan244972 31.49
494 Legky, Nikolay A244957 35.30
495 Shmuter, Leonid244970 21.24
496 Ilincic, Zlatko244952 22.22
497 Graf, Juergen244858 27.34
498 Donchenko, Anatoly G244867 49.91
499 Mariotti, Sergio244866 43.97
500 Rogulj, Branko244866 38.99

These ratings, calculated as of July 31, 1990, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between August 1, 1989 and July 31, 1990, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of July 31, 1989. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of July 31, 1990. This represents the player's estimated strength on August 1, 1990.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on August 1, 1990. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on August 1, 1990 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on August 1, 1990. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on July 31, 1990. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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