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Top 10 active players as of April 19, 1999


Top 500 active players as of April 19, 1999

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28784872.1% #236.02
2 Anand, Viswanathan28124711.8% #529.36
3 Kramnik, Vladimir28104611.3% #523.82
4 Shirov, Alexei2760471.5% #1226.79
5 Ivanchuk, Vassily2742470.7% #1630.09
6 Gelfand, Boris2735480.5% #1830.82
7 Karpov, Anatoly E2725470.3% #2147.91
8 Topalov, Veselin2721470.2% #2324.09
9 Morozevich, Alexander2721490.3% #2421.75
10 Adams, Michael2714470.1% #2627.42
11 Short, Nigel D2714480.2% #2733.88
12 Leko, Peter2713490.2% #2719.61
13 Bareev, Evgeny2711490.1% #2932.41
14 Svidler, Peter2702470.1% #3322.84
15 Polgar, Judit2701490.1% #3422.74
16 Rublevsky, Sergei2698500.1% #3624.51
17 Zvjaginsev, Vadim267849 #5022.67
18 Sokolov, Ivan267747 #5030.85
19 Timman, Jan H267547 #5147.35
20 Georgiev, Kiril267550 #5333.39
21 Dreev, Alexey267148 #5530.25
22 Gurevich, Mikhail N266948 #5740.16
23 Almasi, Zoltan266748 #5922.64
24 Krasenkow, Michal266548 #6135.43
25 Khalifman, Alexander266347 #6233.25
26 Seirawan, Yasser266351 #6439.07
27 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A266052 #6839.09
28 Beliavsky, Alexander G266047 #6545.34
29 Onischuk, Alexander265649 #7023.63
30 Salov, Valery B265351 #7634.90
31 Sakaev, Konstantin265150 #7625.02
32 Nikolic, Predrag265148 #7438.61
33 Chernin, Alexander M264949 #7939.12
34 Korchnoi, Viktor L264847 #7768.07
35 Akopian, Vladimir264450 #8427.37
36 Lautier, Joel264147 #8526.02
37 Smirin, Ilia263849 #9131.25
38 Sadler, Matthew263748 #9124.93
39 Movsesian, Sergei263648 #9120.46
40 Jussupow, Artur M263348 #9539.18
41 Tiviakov, Sergei263348 #9526.18
42 van Wely, Loek263346 #9526.53
43 Dolmatov, Sergey V263251 #10040.16
44 Kharlov, Andrei263149 #9930.41
45 Fedorov, Alexei262950 #10326.56
46 Hellers, Ferdinand262760 #11230.23
47 Piket, Jeroen262446 #10430.23
48 Vaganian, Rafael A262349 #10847.51
49 Gulko, Boris F262350 #11052.19
50 Christiansen, Larry M262250 #11042.81
51 Tkachiev, Vladislav262250 #11125.44
52 Graf, Alexander262253 #11336.65
53 Dautov, Rustem262149 #11133.39
54 Lputian, Smbat G261950 #11441.18
55 Sturua, Zurab261851 #11639.86
56 Khenkin, Igor261748 #11531.08
57 Milov, Vadim261650 #11826.72
58 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir261550 #11948.46
59 Hracek, Zbynek261349 #12128.61
60 Ehlvest, Jaan261047 #12236.51
61 Hjartarson, Jóhann261052 #12536.20
62 Hansen, Curt261049 #12434.59
63 Epishin, Vladimir260747 #12733.77
64 Eingorn, Viacheslav S260650 #13042.40
65 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E260552 #13132.15
66 Sutovsky, Emil260548 #13021.58
67 Aleksandrov, Aleksej260450 #13125.94
68 Novikov, Igor A260449 #13136.91
69 Minasian, Artashes260151 #13632.25
70 Shipov, Sergei260051 #13633.01
71 Lutz, Christopher260048 #13628.15
72 Alterman, Boris259949 #13728.96
73 Rozentalis, Eduardas259948 #13635.90
74 Speelman, Jonathan S259948 #13542.55
75 Nunn, John D M259753 #14143.98
76 Giorgadze, Giorgi259648 #13934.52
77 Avrukh, Boris259650 #14121.28
78 Hübner, Robert259649 #14150.45
79 Bologan, Viktor259648 #13927.35
80 Adianto, Utut259450 #14234.09
81 Ibragimov, Ildar259448 #14231.68
82 Miles, Anthony J259347 #14243.98
83 Goldin, Alexander259352 #14634.15
84 Morovic Fernández, Iván E259351 #14536.07
85 Kasimdzhanov, Rustam259250 #14619.37
86 Korneev, Oleg259148 #14429.73
87 Rogers, Ian259148 #14638.82
88 Gavrikov, Victor N259154 #14941.72
89 Timoshenko, Georgy259151 #14832.88
90 Hodgson, Julian M259049 #14735.73
91 Beim, Valery259050 #14849.09
92 Benjamin, Joel L258950 #14835.11
93 Kožul, Zdenko258948 #14732.91
94 Ribli, Zoltán258951 #14947.62
95 Baburin, Alexander258952 #14932.17
96 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel258948 #14733.38
97 Palac, Mladen258848 #14828.17
98 Voitsekhovsky, Stanislav258851 #15034.70
99 Kaidanov, Gregory S258853 #15139.52
100 Hansen, Lars Bo258853 #15330.57
101 Kavalek, Lubomir258773 55.69
102 Agdestein, Simen258753 31.93
103 deFirmian, Nicholas E258749 41.73
104 Volkov, Sergey258749 25.20
105 Andersson, Ulf258649 47.81
106 Ftácnik, Lubomír258648 41.47
107 Wolff, Patrick G258560 31.18
108 Filippov, Valerij258549 23.39
109 Tregubov, Pavel V258550 27.33
110 Gabriel, Christian258349 24.13
111 Yermolinsky, Alex V258348 41.02
112 Ponomariov, Ruslan258351 15.52
113 Romanishin, Oleg M258348 47.27
114 Atalik, Suat258248 34.52
115 Stefansson, Hannes258249 26.75
116 Fominyh, Alexander258151 39.84
117 Huzman, Alexander258152 37.02
118 Magerramov, Elmar S258167 41.02
119 Asrian, Karen258052 18.98
120 Peng Xiaomin258053 26.03
121 Ye Jiangchuan257953 38.41
122 Psakhis, Lev B257849 40.39
123 Balashov, Yury S257849 50.10
124 Razuvaev, Yury S257752 53.52
125 Yakovich, Yuri257648 36.39
126 Wahls, Matthias257650 31.23
127 Kharitonov, Andrey Y257550 40.04
128 Shariyazdanov, Andrey257551 22.77
129 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B257552 44.42
130 Guseinov, Aidyn257461 47.30
131 Lalic, Bogdan257347 35.11
132 Torre, Eugenio257355 47.46
133 Komarov, Dimitri257250 30.38
134 Malaniuk, Vladimir P257248 41.75
135 Stohl, Igor257249 34.56
136 Ulibin, Mikhail257249 27.88
137 Gurevich, Ilya257165 27.20
138 Bacrot, Etienne257149 16.24
139 Savchenko, Stanislav257051 32.25
140 Burmakin, Vladimir257048 31.87
141 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E257050 49.19
142 Chiburdanidze, Maia G256951 38.26
143 Vaisser, Anatoli256951 50.12
144 Lastin, Alexander256952 22.47
145 Dorfman, Iosif D256951 46.97
146 Milos, Gilberto256852 35.47
147 Kobalija, Mihail256850 20.96
148 Sax, Gyula256749 47.84
149 Ionov, Sergey256751 37.28
150 Gurevich, Dmitry256750 42.61
151 Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander256648 36.26
152 Malakhov, Vladimir256554 18.40
153 Kosashvili, Yona256460 28.79
154 Kotsur, Pavel256354 25.29
155 Leitao, Rafael256351 19.31
156 Kotronias, Vasilios256352 34.65
157 Dvoiris, Semen I256349 40.46
158 Zhang Zhong256351 20.62
159 Pétursson, Margeir256254 39.18
160 Emms, John M256249 32.10
161 Shneider, Aleksandr256256 36.91
162 Yudasin, Leonid G256250 39.70
163 Solozhenkin, Evgeniy256251 32.72
164 Fedorowicz, John P256153 40.56
165 Hickl, Joerg256150 34.01
166 Pigusov, Evgeny256152 38.05
167 Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav256054 33.09
168 Xu Jun256058 36.59
169 Smagin, Sergey256056 40.61
170 Sorokin, Maxim256049 31.24
171 Lerner, Konstantin Z256051 49.14
172 Antonio, Rogelio Jr256054 37.17
173 Baklan, Vladimir256051 21.15
174 Varga, Z.256069 28.77
175 Rustemov, Alexander255951 25.79
176 Anastasian, Ashot255954 34.76
177 Tukmakov, Vladimir B255950 53.09
178 Poluljahov, Aleksandr255850 33.87
179 Podgaets, Mikhail Y255863 51.74
180 Golod, Vitali255751 27.81
181 Damljanovic, Branko255750 37.84
182 Nisipeanu, Liviu Dieter255749 22.72
183 Kengis, Edvins255650 40.02
184 Hertneck, Gerald255651 35.59
185 Lobron, Eric255650 38.95
186 Spasov, Vasil255655 28.17
187 Nielsen, Peter Heine255548 25.90
188 Shabalov, Alexander255451 31.60
189 Golubev, Mihail255356 28.89
190 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y255255 54.95
191 Zakharevich, Igor255152 35.76
192 Pintér, József255150 45.44
193 Sokolov, Andrey Y254952 36.08
194 Bochkarev, Alexander254969 23.96
195 Shabanov, Yury F254759 61.44
196 Adorján, András254756 49.05
197 Landa, Konstantin254450 26.91
198 Shulman, Yuri254449 23.97
199 Kiriakov, Petr254451 24.27
200 Spassky, Boris V254352 62.22
201 Yemelin, Vasily254350 23.22
202 Iuldachev, Saidali254355 31.22
203 Kruppa, Yuri254353 34.83
204 Glek, Igor V254248 37.45
205 Makarov, Marat254152 35.95
206 Zelcic, Robert254148 33.58
207 Shchekachev, Andrei254151 26.48
208 Orlov, Georgi254074
209 Sherbakov, Ruslan254049 29.60
210 Cvitan, Ognjen253948 37.52
211 Loginov, Valery A253849 43.35
212 Gleizerov, Evgeny253851 36.08
213 Dizdar, Goran253849 40.37
214 van der Wiel, John T H253849 39.69
215 Babula, Vlastimil253749 25.55
216 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V253754 54.57
217 Volzhin, Alexander253652 28.21
218 Popov, Valerij253651 24.61
219 Hamdouchi, Hichem253651 26.53
220 Dao Thien Hai253651 20.94
221 Watson, William N253661 37.00
222 Ivanov, Alexander V253555 42.97
223 Sunye Neto, Jaime253553 41.96
224 Wu Shaobin253566 30.21
225 Barua, Dibyendu253452 32.48
226 Tischbierek, Raj253452 36.57
227 Spraggett, Kevin B253351 44.44
228 Hort, Vlastimil253253 55.27
229 Kuzmin, Gennady P253251 53.25
230 Kindermann, Stefan253249 39.31
231 Delchev, Aleksander253251 27.76
232 Pavlovic, Milos253154 35.29
233 Nogueiras, Jesus253150 39.76
234 Ilincic, Zlatko253153 30.94
235 Chernyshov, Konstantin253054 31.86
236 Sermek, Drazen253048 30.22
237 Galliamova, Alisa253051 27.25
238 Nikolenko, Oleg253059 39.83
239 Aseev, Konstantin N252950 38.50
240 Wang Zili252958 30.85
241 Enders, Peter252952 36.21
242 Sulskis, Sarunas252851 26.40
243 Zarubin, Pavel252864 31.18
244 Moroz, Alexander252856 38.25
245 Neverov, Valery252852 34.83
246 Temirbaev, Serik252856
247 Ivanov, Sergey252850 37.56
248 Serper, Grigory252755 29.60
249 Kishnev, Sergey252758 42.47
250 Agrest, Evgenij252749 32.68
251 Nijboer, Friso252649 33.90
252 Soffer, Ram252655 33.62
253 Istratescu, Andrei252650 23.38
254 Mikhalevski, Victor252549 26.77
255 Rechlis, Gad252559 32.20
256 Arnason, Jon L252568 38.43
257 Cramling, Pia252549 35.98
258 Malisauskas, Vidmantas252556 35.71
259 Feygin, Michail252464 24.22
260 Bönsch, Uwe252452 40.51
261 Darga, Klaus V252368 65.15
262 Bezgodov, Alexei252355 29.80
263 Irzhanov, Ruslan252355 22.40
264 Cámpora, Daniel H252353 41.80
265 Krakops, Maris252256 21.04
266 Van der Sterren, Paul252249 43.09
267 Fishbein, Alexander252272 30.95
268 Hector, Jonny252248 35.18
269 Brodsky, Michail252250 30.06
270 Kurajica, Bojan252150 51.43
271 Zifroni, Dov252153 23.17
272 Ginsburg, Gennadij252160 27.69
273 Yandemirov, Valeri252150 36.19
274 Magem Badals, Jordi252149 31.65
275 Vera, Reynaldo252150 38.28
276 Schandorff, Lars252149 33.99
277 Chuchelov, Vladimir252051 29.56
278 Podzielny, Karl Heinz252059 44.61
279 Bischoff, Klaus252048 37.86
280 Portisch, Lajos252051 62.04
281 Timoshchenko, Gennady252051 49.98
282 Smikovski, Ivan251967 26.85
283 Rytshagov, Mikhail251951 31.44
284 Haba, Petr251850 34.29
285 Slobodjan, Roman251849 24.30
286 Greenfeld, Alon251751 35.01
287 Miladinovic, Igor251751 25.23
288 Yurtaev, Leonid251754 39.97
289 Kumaran, Dharshan251760 23.87
290 Dizdarevic, Emir251651 41.05
291 Mueller, Karsten251652 28.41
292 Ubilava, Elizbar E251655 48.65
293 Rogozenko, Dorian251549 25.67
294 Hernandez, Gilberto251551
295 Markovic, Miroslav251553 25.95
296 Velimirovic, Dragoljub251553 56.94
297 Spangenberg, Hugo251549 23.41
298 Frias, Victor J251570 43.19
299 Manor, Ilan251456 29.48
300 Xie Jun251449 28.47
301 Djuric, Stefan251453 43.73
302 Barsov, Alexei251452
303 Ruzele, Darius251454 30.98
304 Danielian, Oganes251365
305 Suba, Mihai251357 51.88
306 Lanka, Zigurds251351 38.91
307 Schlosser, Philipp251350 30.67
308 Kacheishvili, Giorgi251353 22.19
309 Akesson, Ralf251349 38.20
310 Comas Fabrego, Luis251251 27.83
311 Galkin, Alexander251250 20.22
312 Krogius, Nikolay V251169 68.74
313 Sagalchik, Gennadij251166 29.99
314 Polovodin, Igor A251160 44.07
315 Kudrin, Sergey251153 39.62
316 Totsky, Leonid251154 31.69
317 Hansen, Sune Berg251050 27.99
318 Luther, Thomas251048 29.46
319 Kveinys, Aloyzas251052 36.78
320 Finkel, Alexander250953 24.30
321 Rodriguez, Amador250954 42.61
322 Davies, Nigel R250953 38.72
323 Vaulin, Alexander250849 42.09
324 Zoler, Dan250853 25.25
325 Sokolovs, Andrei250858 27.16
326 Kolev, Atanas250857 31.76
327 Jakubiec, Artur250861 25.38
328 Lesiege, Alexandre250753 23.67
329 Vogt, Lothar H250754 47.26
330 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V250756 51.67
331 Krivonosov, Oleg250762 37.94
332 Kiselev, Sergey250754 37.60
333 Marciano, David250650 29.79
334 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N250651 53.00
335 Zilberman, Yaacov250653 44.90
336 Gallagher, Joseph G250549 34.96
337 Turov, Maxim250554 19.37
338 Didishko, Vereslav250553 50.02
339 Gausel, Einar250550 35.39
340 Kempinski, Robert250549 21.77
341 Markowski, Tomasz250449 23.72
342 King, Daniel J250455 35.64
343 Georgiev, Vladimir250351 23.65
344 Kosic, Dragan250356 29.18
345 Smejkal, Jan250353 53.08
346 Horvath, Jozsef250250 34.68
347 Zontakh, Andrey250253 28.46
348 Zubarev, Alexander250260 47.82
349 Kantsler, Boris250153 37.01
350 Strikovic, Aleksa250152 37.94
351 Bagirov, Vladimir K250052 62.68
352 Conquest, Stuart250049 32.13
353 Polgar, Sofia250055 24.46
354 Maksimenko, Andrei250052 29.37
355 Nadyrhanov, Sergey249960 35.56
356 Shtyrenkov, Veniamen249956 40.98
357 Palatnik, Semen A249963 49.06
358 Mikhaletz, Lubomir249953 24.68
359 Bezold, Michael249950 26.91
360 Ivanovic, Božidar249959 52.65
361 Teske, Henrik249949 31.14
362 Sosonko, Gennadi249854 55.92
363 Najer, Evgeniy249853 21.83
364 Grivas, Efstratios249852 33.05
365 Horváth, Csaba249749 30.87
366 Garcia Ilundain, David249751 28.05
367 Apicella, Manuel249754 28.99
368 Papaioannou, Ioannis249754 22.99
369 Khasin, Alexander249757 47.97
370 Macieja, Bartlomiej249650 21.54
371 Hulak, Krunoslav249653 47.90
372 Faragó, Iván249648 53.05
373 Zaichik, Gennady L249665 42.19
374 Kalinitschew, Sergey249653 43.21
375 Koniushkov, Igor249564 36.39
376 Larsen, Bent249552 64.12
377 Arkhipov, Sergey249560 44.82
378 Godena, Michele249549 31.80
379 Gritsak, Orest249558 26.15
380 Degraeve, Jean Marc249549 28.23
381 Fridman, Daniel249552 23.18
382 Zakharstov, Viacheslav V249470 31.05
383 Liss, Eran249454 23.80
384 Ye Rongguang249456 35.54
385 Marin, Mihail249450 33.99
386 Sokolin, Leonid M249363
387 Chekhov, Valery A249360 43.40
388 Plaskett, Jim249350 39.09
389 Gyimesi, Zoltan249250 22.05
390 Egin, Vladimir249260
391 Iskusnyh, Sergei249151 24.62
392 Johansen, Darryl K249155 40.21
393 Arkhangelsky, Boris249163 68.25
394 Wedberg, Tom249153 45.40
395 Lau, Ralf249052 39.50
396 Liang Jinrong249059 38.91
397 Nevednichy, Vladislav249051 29.63
398 Gavrilakis, Nikolaos249073 44.07
399 Notkin, Maksim249055 35.36
400 Levin, Felix249053 40.45
401 Reinderman, Dimitri249049 26.69
402 Mitenkov, Alexey248964 38.11
403 Smyslov, Vassily V248953 78.07
404 Miralles, Gilles248955 33.20
405 Gretarsson, Helgi Ass248949 22.17
406 Miezis, Normunds248849 27.94
407 Lugovoi, Aleksei248849 24.12
408 Olafsson, Helgi248853 42.68
409 Gdanski, Jacek248850 28.39
410 Ovetchkin, Roman248757 26.26
411 Kupreichik, Viktor D248750 49.79
412 Gofshtein, Leonid D248750 45.99
413 Milov, Leonid248760 33.20
414 Kogan, Artur248749 25.22
415 Knaak, Rainer F248655 46.09
416 Campos Moreno, Javier B248660 40.12
417 Liiva, Riho248665 23.79
418 Drasko, Milan248652 36.37
419 Berelovich, Aleksandar248652 31.80
420 Belikov, Vladimir248659 27.71
421 Fercec, Nenad248652 38.02
422 Arencibia, Walter248649 31.75
423 Dragomarezkij, Evgeni248660 46.25
424 Har Zvi, Ronen248659 22.52
425 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto248552 41.33
426 Ricardi, Pablo248550 37.15
427 Vakhidov, Tahir248559
428 Tosic, Miroslav248452 38.84
429 Ionescu, Constantin248351 40.60
430 Bagaturov, Giorgi248354 34.39
431 Nikolaidis, Ioannis248352 28.29
432 Zarnicki, Pablo248351 26.44
433 Cela, Altin248355
434 Rodriguez, Andres248251 25.33
435 Kazhgaleyev, Murtas248256
436 Uhlmann, Wolfgang248251 64.06
437 Kuporosov, Viktor248256 37.56
438 Kovacevic, Vladimir248253 57.06
439 Varga, Zoltan248249 28.77
440 Iljushin, Alexei248254 18.72
441 Antunes, Antonio248258 37.20
442 Zezulkin, Jurij248257 27.68
443 Kalantarian, Norik248165 36.68
444 Zagrebelny, Sergey248151
445 Grischuk, Alexander248154 15.47
446 Vescovi, Giovanni P248051 20.85
447 Oratovsky, Michael248056 25.04
448 Ahlander, Bjorn248060 35.47
449 Gruenfeld, Yehuda248061 43.14
450 Hug, Werner248057 46.61
451 Piskov, Yury248061 37.52
452 Kaminski, Marcin248051 22.11
453 Danielsen, Henrik248054 33.25
454 Stanec, Nikolaus247949 30.97
455 Goloshchapov, Alexander247955 21.23
456 Kovalev, Andrei247959 37.45
457 Kosten, Anthony C247952 40.74
458 Winants, Luc247958 36.30
459 Dokutchaev, Aleksander247957 26.88
460 Rausis, Igors247849 38.03
461 Shaked, Tal247850 21.20
462 Parker, Jonathan247854 22.92
463 Iordachescu, Viorel247850 21.99
464 Slipak, Sergio247850 33.73
465 Hebden, Mark247850 41.18
466 Petrosian, Arshak B247859 45.34
467 Lazarev, Vladimir247752 34.87
468 Heinemann, Thies247753 28.12
469 San Segundo Carrillo, Pablo247750 29.19
470 Stocek, Jiri247750 21.94
471 Dervishi, Erald247756 19.44
472 Movsziszian, Karen247753 36.29
473 Van den Doel, Erik247749 19.93
474 Grabarczyk, Miroslaw247752 28.29
475 Tsesarsky, Ilya247657 39.53
476 Cebalo, Mišo247649 54.20
477 Boim, Inon247570 27.43
478 Komliakov, Viktor247552 38.98
479 Mirumian, Vigen247551 21.56
480 Popchev, Milko247556 34.44
481 Pein, Malcolm247560 38.68
482 Abramovic, Boško247561 48.18
483 Annageldyev, Orazly247574 39.08
484 Hall, Jesper247551 27.76
485 Simonovic, Aleksandar247570 30.46
486 Akhmadeev, Vadim247459 42.77
487 Polak, Tomas247449 24.98
488 Browne, Walter S247454 50.27
489 Kholmov, Ratmir D247452 73.93
490 Djurhuus, Rune247351 29.23
491 Sadvakasov, Darmen247358 19.98
492 Wang Pin247359 24.36
493 Wells, Peter K247348 34.01
494 Brenninkmeijer, Joris247370 29.60
495 Hoffman, Alejandro247350 32.48
496 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes247359 55.79
497 Moskalenko, Viktor247358 38.37
498 Bikhovsky, Avigdor I247253 44.12
499 Mestel, A Jonathan247261 42.10
500 Nikolac, Juraj247255 66.99

These ratings, calculated as of April 19, 1999, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between April 1, 1998 and April 19, 1999, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of March 31, 1998. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of April 19, 1999. This represents the player's estimated strength on April 20, 1999.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on April 20, 1999. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on April 20, 1999 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on April 20, 1999. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on April 19, 1999. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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