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Top 10 active players as of April 30, 1980


Top 500 active players as of April 30, 1980

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Karpov, Anatoly E27975049.7% #328.93
2 Korchnoi, Viktor L27674921.8% #649.10
3 Kasparov, Garry K2723526.1% #1417.05
4 Tal, Mikhail2714493.8% #1743.47
5 Polugaevsky, Lev A2713503.7% #1745.44
6 Portisch, Lajos2712503.6% #1743.07
7 Spassky, Boris V2688491.2% #2743.25
8 Geller, Efim P2685511.2% #2955.16
9 Petrosian, Tigran V2673490.6% #3550.87
10 Beliavsky, Alexander G2673490.5% #3526.37
11 Timman, Jan H2671480.5% #3628.38
12 Romanishin, Oleg M2664490.4% #4028.30
13 Larsen, Bent2663490.3% #4145.15
14 Hübner, Robert2660500.3% #4331.48
15 Mecking, Henrique2660681.8% #5128.27
16 Balashov, Yury S2658500.4% #4431.13
17 Andersson, Ulf2653480.2% #4728.84
18 Hort, Vlastimil2646480.1% #5236.30
19 Ribli, Zoltán2645500.2% #5428.65
20 Tukmakov, Vladimir B2643530.2% #5734.12
21 Gulko, Boris F2643530.2% #5633.22
22 Vaganian, Rafael A2639490.1% #5728.54
23 Dolmatov, Sergey V2636550.2% #6321.19
24 Lerner, Konstantin Z2635560.2% #6430.17
25 Gufeld, Eduard E2634550.1% #6444.11
26 Vasiukov, Evgeny A2632580.2% #6747.15
27 Savon, Vladimir A2631570.2% #6839.59
28 Jussupow, Artur M2630520.1% #6620.21
29 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V262950 #6635.60
30 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E2628510.1% #6730.22
31 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir2628490.1% #6629.49
32 Ivanov, Igor V2627700.6% #7833.31
33 Miles, Anthony J262447 #6825.02
34 Kavalek, Lubomir262051 #7436.72
35 Kholmov, Ratmir D2620560.1% #7754.96
36 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y261953 #7535.98
37 Gheorghiu, Florin261949 #7436.07
38 Smejkal, Jan261949 #7434.11
39 Browne, Walter S261849 #7531.30
40 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B2618520.1% #7625.45
41 Kupreichik, Viktor D2618530.1% #7730.82
42 Dorfman, Iosif D261353 #8127.99
43 Smyslov, Vassily V260951 #8359.10
44 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N260956 #8534.03
45 Kuzmin, Gennady P260951 #8334.28
46 Unzicker, Wolfgang2609570.1% #8754.84
47 Makarichev, Sergey Y260852 #8526.45
48 Parma, Bruno260655 #8938.33
49 Psakhis, Lev B2605610.1% #9321.42
50 Sax, Gyula260549 #8628.87
51 Dvoretsky, Mark I2604640.1% #9632.39
52 Gligoric, Svetozar260250 #8957.24
53 Bagirov, Vladimir K260054 #9343.71
54 Gipslis, Aivars2600620.1% #9943.23
55 Georgadze, Tamaz V259852 #9532.47
56 Sosonko, Gennadi259749 #9336.94
57 Palatnik, Semen A2596650.1% #10430.09
58 Kochiev, Alexander259654 #9824.10
59 Ivkov, Borislav259450 #9846.47
60 Alburt, Lev O259252 #10034.69
61 Kurajica, Bojan259254 #10132.46
62 Razuvaev, Yury S259152 #10134.55
63 Liberzon, Vladimir M258851 #10343.10
64 Tarjan, James E258554 #10828.19
65 Adorján, András258449 #10630.08
66 Nunn, John D M258451 #10725.01
67 Bronstein, David I258056 #11356.20
68 Olafsson, Fridrik257658 #11845.26
69 Szabó, László257463 #12463.11
70 Pfleger, Helmut257359 #12336.73
71 Seirawan, Yasser257252 #11820.10
72 Taimanov, Mark E257158 #12354.23
73 Chekhov, Valery A257168 #12924.43
74 Grigorian, Karen A257057 #12432.65
75 Zakharov, Alexander V2570750.1% #13636.56
76 Suetin, Alexey S256860 #12753.46
77 Byrne, Robert E256551 #12352.03
78 Kapengut, Albert Z256464 #13335.82
79 Matanovic, Aleksandar256362 #13349.93
80 Ftácnik, Lubomír256252 #12922.50
81 Panchenko, Alexander N256161 #13526.57
82 Darga, Klaus V256161 #13446.18
83 Stean, Michael F256049 #12826.65
84 Antoshin, Vladimir S256060 #13550.95
85 Ubilava, Elizbar E255965 #13829.68
86 Quinteros, Miguel A255750 #13132.34
87 Magerramov, Elmar S255658 #13722.05
88 Tseitlin, Mikhail S255654 #13532.87
89 Zaitsev, Igor A255455 #13741.92
90 Matulovic, Milan255360 #14144.89
91 Knaak, Rainer F255251 #13627.12
92 Nemet, Ivan255255 #13937.04
93 Lombardy, William J255256 #14042.40
94 Klovans, Janis255169 #14845.06
95 Rogoff, Kenneth S255164 #14527.11
96 Uhlmann, Wolfgang255051 #13945.09
97 Lein, Anatoly255051 #13849.09
98 Panno, Oscar R255052 #13945.12
99 Csom, István254650 #14139.91
100 Kharitonov, Andrey Y254660 #14821.07
101 Evans, Larry M254671 48.11
102 Timoshchenko, Gennady254655 31.01
103 Filip, Miroslav254561 51.51
104 Tringov, Georgy P254559 43.15
105 Kovacevic, Vladimir254456 38.09
106 Vogt, Lothar H254449 28.29
107 Luczak, Andrzej254354 31.40
108 Ivanov, Alexander V254261 23.99
109 Bukic, Enver254057 42.41
110 Pachmann, Ludek254058 55.96
111 Veingold, Aleksander254068 26.55
112 Speelman, Jonathan S253951 23.58
113 Yurtaev, Leonid253663 20.99
114 Katalymov, Boris N253674
115 Shamkovich, Leonid A253652 56.91
116 Vitolinš, Alvis253664 33.87
117 Najdorf, Miguel253653 70.04
118 Nei, Iivo253665 48.50
119 Nikolac, Juraj253555 48.02
120 Pintér, József253355 26.47
121 Eingorn, Viacheslav S253070 23.43
122 Ree, Hans252949 35.62
123 Gruenfeld, Yehuda252955 24.17
124 Biyiasas, Peter252953 29.45
125 Kaplan, Julio P252960 29.76
126 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V252967 32.70
127 Vukic, Milan252855 36.70
128 Faragó, Iván252849 34.08
129 Torre, Eugenio252650 28.49
130 Benko, Pal C252561 51.79
131 Peresipkin, Vladimir252566
132 Peters, John A252557 29.22
133 Petrosian, Arshak B252368 26.37
134 Zaltsman, Vitaly F252361 38.51
135 Díez del Corral, Jesús252260 47.07
136 Stoica, Valentin252263 30.21
137 Piasetski, Leon David252071
138 Reshevsky, Samuel H252057 68.43
139 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz251951 37.05
140 Marjanovic, Slavoljub251852 25.32
141 Weinstein, Norman251864 29.57
142 Moiseev, Oleg L251662 54.98
143 Velimirovic, Dragoljub251651 37.96
144 Christiansen, Larry M251552 23.84
145 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I251469 46.46
146 Keene, Raymond251453
147 Averkin, Orest N251474 36.18
148 Malich, Burkhard G251358 43.42
149 Knezevic, Milorad251353 43.50
150 Schneider, Lars Ake251355
151 Lutikov, Anatoly S251364 47.23
152 Radulov, Ivan251255 41.31
153 Kakageldyev, Amanmurad250867 30.34
154 Hulak, Krunoslav250862 28.92
155 Bleiman, Yaacov250764 32.64
156 Lukin, Andrei M250775 31.67
157 Petrushin, Alexander I250765 33.14
158 Tatai, Stefano250656 42.10
159 Anikaev, Yury250659 31.84
160 García Gonzáles, Guillermo250554 26.39
161 Suba, Mihai250455 32.91
162 Donner, Johannes H250255 52.82
163 Vokác, Marek250258 21.40
164 Bilek, István250160 47.72
165 Hecht, Hans-Joachim250166 41.25
166 Popov, Luben250057 44.26
167 Padevsky, Nikola B249959 46.91
168 Marangunic, Srdjan249861 36.50
169 Sunye Neto, Jaime249754 22.99
170 Mariotti, Sergio249658 33.72
171 Polovodin, Igor A249668 25.10
172 Kirov Ivanov, Nino249652 34.64
173 Kraidman, Yair249463 47.50
174 Regan, Kenneth249362 20.63
175 Jansson, Borje249366 38.13
176 Grefe, John A249164 32.65
177 Barczay, Laszlo249052 44.19
178 Lputian, Smbat G249061 22.21
179 Gavrikov, Victor N249062 22.75
180 Sturua, Zurab249065 20.89
181 Diesen, Mark C248959
182 van der Wiel, John T H248952 20.72
183 Makropoulos, Georgios248959 26.59
184 Ermenkov, Evgenij248852 30.59
185 Ungureanu, Emil248873 43.50
186 Wedberg, Tom248754 26.43
187 Marovic, Dražen248662 42.29
188 Minic, Dragoljub248671 43.15
189 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur248652 32.60
190 Lechtynsky, Jiri248653 32.43
191 Zuckerman, Bernard248665 37.08
192 Vadasz, Laszlo248554 32.26
193 Soltis, Andrew E248463 32.92
194 Forintos, Gyözö V248455 44.75
195 Popovic, Petar248457 21.21
196 Mednis, Edmar J248354 43.11
197 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y248366 23.28
198 Plachetka, Jan248250 35.20
199 Petkevich, Jusefs248270 39.36
200 Zilberstein, Valery I248167 37.05
201 Calvo Minguez, Ricardo247971 36.52
202 Hazai, Laszlo247957 26.88
203 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel247953 30.76
204 Langeweg, Kick247953 43.15
205 Rogulj, Branko247956 28.75
206 Gaprindashvili, Nona247864 38.98
207 Commons, Kim S247868 28.77
208 Rodriguez, Amador247856 23.64
209 Lukacs, Peter247752 29.81
210 Jansa, Vlastimil247650 37.43
211 Ciocaltea, Victor247155 48.29
212 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A247163 41.40
213 Zaichik, Gennady L247162 23.22
214 Hartston, William R247156 32.72
215 Espig, Lutz247051 31.32
216 Jelen, Iztok247061 33.28
217 Ivanovic, Božidar246951 33.68
218 Karner, Hillar246875 44.76
219 Westerinen, Heikki MJ246754 36.01
220 Robatsch, Karl246757 51.54
221 Rajkovic, Dusan246756 37.87
222 Hamann, Svend246665 39.56
223 Borik, Otto246565 32.60
224 Podzielny, Karl Heinz246574 25.64
225 Piesina, Gintautas246569 28.06
226 Vooremaa, Andres246569 35.78
227 Hug, Werner246462 27.64
228 Sahovic, Dragutin246454 39.73
229 Spassov, Liuben246452 37.11
230 Qi Jingxuan246459 32.47
231 Lederman, Leon246469 32.92
232 Cebalo, Mišo246472 35.23
233 Hernandez, Roman246455 30.44
234 Lengyel, Levente246354 46.88
235 Hennings, Artur246365 39.80
236 Ornstein, Axel246355 28.02
237 Bisguier, Arthur B246364 50.56
238 Prandstetter, Eduard246351 31.37
239 Rytov, Boris246368
240 Damjanovic, Mato246258 53.10
241 Messing, Hrvoje246273 39.76
242 Ambroz, Jan246257 25.87
243 Van Wijgerden, Cornelis246256 29.93
244 Szekely, Peter246158 25.23
245 Jakobsen, Ole246056 37.53
246 Hausner, Ivan245956 28.04
247 Inkiov, Ventzislav245956 23.94
248 Musil, Vojko245967 34.70
249 Ligterink, Gert245950 30.45
250 Ghitescu, Theodor245855 46.27
251 Rath, Ulrik245771 33.35
252 Kaufman, Larry C245766 32.46
253 Szmetan, Jorge245654 29.92
254 Karaklajic, Nikola245570 54.18
255 Raicevic, Vladimir245557 30.99
256 Řgaard, Leif245563 28.32
257 Garcia, Raimundo245366 43.92
258 Portisch, Ferenc245356 41.06
259 Bednarski, Jacek B245359 41.13
260 Castro Rojas, Oscar Humberto245257 26.97
261 Honfi, Karoly245265 49.51
262 Karlsson, Lars245154 24.80
263 Bönsch, Uwe245052 21.54
264 Gutman, Lev244965 34.59
265 Planinc, Albin244857 36.03
266 Pytel, Krzysztof244856 34.95
267 Kunsztowicz, Uwe244868 36.28
268 Burger, Karl244868 47.27
269 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes244760 36.82
270 Schweber, Samuel244558 43.79
271 Sisniega, Marcel244463 20.76
272 Mikenas, Vladas244472 70.04
273 Debarnot, Roberto244462 32.73
274 Sznapik, Aleksander244352 29.22
275 Rukavina, Josip244367 37.42
276 Pomar Salamanca, Arturo244266 48.66
277 Kuligowski, Adam244151 24.35
278 Schussler, Harry244152 22.85
279 Mochalov, Evgeny V244169 28.50
280 Chiburdanidze, Maia G244155 19.29
281 Adamski, Jan244051 36.47
282 Gerusel, Mathias244065 42.23
283 Zichichi, Alvise243962 41.82
284 Plaskett, Jim243960 20.12
285 Rubinetti, Jorge A243855 35.08
286 Hansson, Dan243868 27.89
287 Dobosz, Henryk243757 27.11
288 Taulbut, Shaun M243759 22.30
289 Rohde, Michael A243773 20.68
290 Balinas, Rosendo Carrean243763
291 Martinovic, Slobodan243657 34.76
292 Sydor, Andrzej243663 43.32
293 Minev, Nikolay N243566 49.31
294 Meduna, Eduard243557 29.64
295 Mestel, A Jonathan243553 23.13
296 Liebert, Heinz243465 43.93
297 Barle, Janez243358 28.11
298 Dely, Peter243367 45.82
299 Chandler, Murray G243354 20.07
300 Pribyl, Josef243353 32.55
301 Garcia Martinez, Silvino243354 35.82
302 Ostojic, Predrag243363 42.19
303 Pétursson, Margeir243256 20.21
304 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A243269 20.12
305 Przewoznik, Jan243257 22.62
306 Groszpeter, Attila243255 19.89
307 Flesch, Janos243273 46.58
308 Joksic, Sinisa243263 39.55
309 Arnason, Jon L243154 19.46
310 Klaric, Zlatko243066 23.52
311 Wirthensohn, Heinz243062 28.98
312 Bohm, Hans242852 30.29
313 Sloth, Jorn242870 35.65
314 Rodriguez, Ruben242761 33.40
315 Georgiev, Krum242670 21.93
316 Botterill, George Steven242657
317 Tischbierek, Raj242659 17.60
318 Morris, Walter D242563 21.66
319 Djuric, Stefan242564 24.76
320 Matera, Salvatore Joseph242562
321 Birnboim, Nathan242465 29.43
322 Spiridonov, Nikola242453 42.17
323 Cramling, Dan242366 21.23
324 Kuijpers, Franciscus Antonius242364
325 Trapl, Jindrich242360 38.10
326 Rocha, Antonio242269 35.88
327 Grinberg, Ricardo242175 32.29
328 Haygarth, Michael J242173
329 Ekstroem, Roland242073 23.93
330 Bielczyk, Jacek242054 27.19
331 Brinck Claussen, Bjorn242059
332 Velikov, Petar241969 29.08
333 Tompa, Janos241956 32.99
334 Clemens, Christian241769 39.73
335 Augustin, Josef241756 37.94
336 Cvetkovic, Srdjan241761 34.17
337 Ostermeyer, Peter241771 36.55
338 Bohosjan, Sarkis241666 39.09
339 Harandi, Khosro241660 29.66
340 Bellin, Robert241653 27.83
341 Sideif Sade, Fikret I241671 28.33
342 Duer, Arne241665 20.80
343 Hoelzl, Franz241655 34.07
344 Hase, Juan Carlos241562
345 Webb, Simon241560 30.89
346 Vilela, Jose Luis241456 27.11
347 Dueckstein, Andreas241465 52.74
348 Short, Nigel D241354 14.91
349 Goodman, David SC241362
350 Ilic, Zoran241267 16.74
351 Franco Ocampos, Zenon241258 23.96
352 Littlewood, John Eric241268
353 Pritchett, Craig William241270
354 Enklaar, Bertus F241264
355 Janoševic, Dragoljub241161 56.81
356 Bellon Lopez, Juan Manuel241158 29.97
357 Strauss, David J241167 33.73
358 Watson, John L241067 28.65
359 Pavlov, Mircea241063 42.63
360 Horner, Jeff240970 30.68
361 Van der Sterren, Paul240952 24.12
362 Hartoch, Robert G240961
363 Jamieson, Robert Murray240765
364 Kestler, Hans-Günter240770 40.38
365 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich240665 24.31
366 Garcia, Gildardo240665 26.14
367 Hoi, Carsten240555 23.29
368 Nicevski, Risto240457 34.84
369 Ciric, Dragoljub M240462 44.47
370 Pokojowczyk, Jerzy240355 31.19
371 Kristiansen, Jens240255 27.92
372 Odendahl, Steven M240261 20.51
373 Toth, Bela240260 37.03
374 Wittmann, Walter240263 32.13
375 Cámpora, Daniel H240165 22.83
376 Skrobek, Ryszard240158 28.82
377 Fedorowicz, John P240054 21.59
378 Haik, Aldo240066 27.53
379 Emma, Jaime J240057 42.29
380 Van Riemsdijk, Herman C239954 31.68
381 Law, Andrew P239868 29.81
382 Mascarinas, Rico239862 27.16
383 Despotovic, Momcilo239864 32.16
384 Cuartas, Carlos239761 39.71
385 Biriescu, Ioan239770 26.51
386 Bouaziz, Slim239658 30.04
387 Iskov, Gert239556 31.76
388 Deze, Anton239474
389 Welin, Thomas239368 20.65
390 Grigorov, Jordan N239364 26.39
391 Hebert, Jean239257 22.47
392 Sibarevic, Milenko239269 35.13
393 Lombard, Andre239166 29.61
394 Huss, Andreas239174 29.54
395 Bronstein, Luis239156 33.91
396 Cording, Harm239169 43.31
397 Balshan, Amikam239161
398 Peev, Peicho Chonev239167 40.08
399 Kagan, Shimon239154 38.07
400 Fedder, Steen239059 28.88
401 Foygel, Igor239072
402 Garcia Padron, Jose239070 22.10
403 Taylor, Timothy239074 27.22
404 Swic, Waldemar238963 27.14
405 De Bruycker, Bernard238773 38.87
406 Segal, Alexandru Sorin238760 32.57
407 Lau, Ralf238766 20.53
408 Cappello, Renato238667
409 Szymczak, Zbigniew238660 28.32
410 Moehring, Guenther238656 43.43
411 Gruchacz, Robert238564 26.42
412 Bojkovic, Slobodan238575 34.76
413 Nikolic, Predrag238469 19.64
414 Nogueiras, Jesus238470 20.79
415 Ost Hansen, Jacob238474
416 Renman, Nils Gustaf238364
417 Jacobsen, Bo238375 31.38
418 Formanek, Edward W238372 37.98
419 Visier Segovia, Fernando238267 37.24
420 Zapata, Alonso238262 21.69
421 Banas, Jan238155 32.91
422 Coudari, Camille238167 28.75
423 Gonsior, Evzen238157 48.40
424 Lanka, Zigurds238069 19.94
425 Cuasnicu, Oscar238066 37.52
426 Littlewood, Paul E238059 24.28
427 Schinzel, Wladyslaw238052 36.93
428 Rigo, Janos237957 31.51
429 Lieb, Harald237968 45.35
430 Henley, Ron W237867 23.40
431 Djukic, Zeljko237871 20.88
432 Horvath, Tamas237763 28.52
433 Whiteley, Andrew J237765 32.89
434 Van der Vliet, Fredrik237660
435 Franklin, Michael J237672 49.24
436 Garcia Palermo, Carlos237662 26.41
437 Soos, Bela237575 50.15
438 Neckar, Lubomir237565 29.74
439 Lanc, Alois237375 32.20
440 Pavlovic, Dejan237371
441 Rajna, George237367 33.21
442 Watzka, Horst237265 41.63
443 Mišta, Ladislav237268 36.50
444 Paehtz, Thomas Sr237163 23.65
445 Szilágyi, György237075 58.82
446 Kaiszauri, Konstanty237055 27.51
447 Helmers, Knut J237065 23.23
448 Benjamin, Joel L236961 16.14
449 Rossetto, Héctor D236866 57.64
450 Olafsson, Helgi236759 23.71
451 Kengis, Edvins236773 21.05
452 deFirmian, Nicholas E236766 22.76
453 Jamroz, Zbigniew236662 45.89
454 Hebden, Mark236564 22.21
455 Niklasson, Christer236557 27.32
456 Adamski, Andrzej236364 41.30
457 Mortensen, Erling236261 25.07
458 Gross, Stefan236159 30.67
459 Root, Douglas236166 17.22
460 Sapi, Laszlo236167 45.11
461 Kelecevic, Nedeljko235970 33.14
462 Fuller, Maxwell L235960 35.26
463 Fries Nielsen, Jens Ove235857 20.19
464 Day, Lawrence A235770 31.25
465 Trois, Francisco RT235753
466 Filipowicz, Andrzej235664 41.96
467 Sikora Lerch, Jan235654
468 Sharif, Mershad235671 27.80
469 Ionescu, Constantin235567 21.63
470 Rantanen, Yrjo A235563 30.02
471 Wahlbom, Magnus235473 34.95
472 Orso, Miklos235359 23.89
473 Angantysson, Haukur235362 31.41
474 Cooper, John Grantley235370
475 Nun, Jiri235267 22.76
476 Petran, Pal235256 33.62
477 Barreras, Alberto235165 29.07
478 Holm, Sejer235165 40.72
479 Basman, Michael J235066 34.12
480 Lekander, Rolf234965 33.33
481 Mihaljcisin, Mihajlo234973 47.19
482 Frias, Victor J234966 24.22
483 Gutierrez, Jose Antonio234761
484 Lebredo, Gerardo234563 29.74
485 Maciejewski, Andrzej234564 28.81
486 Braga, Fernando234461 21.81
487 Baljon, Christofoor234359 26.85
488 Ardiansyah, Haji234366 28.40
489 Ristic, Nenad234265 21.45
490 Kovacs, Laszlo M234258 41.57
491 Tichy, Vladimir234070 33.58
492 Filguth, Rubens A234064 24.10
493 Svensson, Bengt234076 19.81
494 Danner, Georg233962 33.51
495 Hvenekilde, Jorgen233967 44.67
496 Bernard, Ryszard233966 35.69
497 Witkowski, Stefan233863 48.59
498 Borm, Franciscus WM233868
499 Giardelli, Sergio C233761 24.84
500 Golubovic, Zoran233471 21.37

These ratings, calculated as of April 30, 1980, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between May 1, 1979 and April 30, 1980, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of April 30, 1979. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of April 30, 1980. This represents the player's estimated strength on May 1, 1980.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on May 1, 1980. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on May 1, 1980 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on May 1, 1980. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on April 30, 1980. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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